PKN Activators
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N (PKN) activators encompass a variety of compounds that modulate PKN activity through indirect mechanisms. These activators function by influencing upstream signaling molecules or modifying the cellular environment in a way that promotes PKN activation. Compounds like PMA act primarily through PKC, a direct upstream kinase that phosphorylates and activates PKN. Other activators, such as forskolin and dibutyryl-cAMP, work by elevating intracellular cAMP, subsequently activating PKA, which can have downstream effects on PKN activity.
The cellular effects of these activators are often broad, affecting multiple pathways and proteins. However, their action can converge on PKN through common regulatory mechanisms such as phosphorylation state, lipid interactions, and intracellular localization. For instance, okadaic acid and calyculin A inhibit phosphatases, leading to a sustained activation state of PKN by preventing its dephosphorylation. Lipid molecules like arachidonic and oleic acids may modulate PKC activity or directly affect PKN's interaction with cell membranes, thereby influencing its activity.
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a potent activator of Protein Kinase C (PKC) which can phosphorylate and activate PKN. PKC-mediated phosphorylation can enhance PKN activity and downstream signaling. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly activates adenylyl cyclase, increasing intracellular cAMP levels, which can lead to PKA activation and subsequent phosphorylation and potential activation of PKN. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
As a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, okadaic acid can prevent the dephosphorylation of PKN, maintaining it in an active phosphorylated state. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A sc-24000B sc-24000C | 10 µg 100 µg 500 µg 1 mg | $160.00 $750.00 $1400.00 $3000.00 | 59 | |
Similar to okadaic acid, calyculin A inhibits protein phosphatases, which can result in sustained PKN activation due to reduced dephosphorylation. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that raises intracellular calcium levels, which can indirectly activate PKN through calcium-dependent PKC isoforms. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $42.00 $72.00 $124.00 $238.00 $520.00 $1234.00 | 11 | |
EGCG can indirectly affect PKN activity through its influence on PKC isoforms and potential impact on lipid metabolism, altering membrane-associated PKN signaling. | ||||||
C-8 Ceramide | 74713-59-0 | sc-205233 sc-205233A sc-205233B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg | $19.00 $63.00 $228.00 | 1 | |
As a bioactive lipid, ceramide can activate PKC isoforms which may lead to the subsequent phosphorylation and activation of PKN. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $45.00 $130.00 $480.00 $4450.00 | 74 | |
A cell-permeable cAMP analog that activates PKA; PKA can phosphorylate substrates that modulate PKN activity or modulate PKN regulators. | ||||||
Arachidonic Acid (20:4, n-6) | 506-32-1 | sc-200770 sc-200770A sc-200770B | 100 mg 1 g 25 g | $90.00 $235.00 $4243.00 | 9 | |
As a lipid signaling molecule, arachidonic acid can modulate the activity of PKC isoforms, which in turn could lead to activation of PKN. | ||||||
Oleic Acid | 112-80-1 | sc-200797C sc-200797 sc-200797A sc-200797B | 1 g 10 g 100 g 250 g | $36.00 $102.00 $569.00 $1173.00 | 10 | |
Oleic acid can alter the lipid composition of membranes, potentially affecting membrane-bound PKN activity and localization. | ||||||