Mumps Inhibitors

Mumps inhibitors are chemicals that can interfere with various aspects of the Mumps viral life cycle, either through direct interaction with viral components or by modulating host cellular mechanisms. IMPDH inhibitors like Ribavirin and Mycophenolic Acid reduce intracellular pools of GTP, effectively stunting viral RNA synthesis. Similarly, Guanidine Hydrochloride directly inhibits the viral RNA polymerase, while 2'-C-methyladenosine causes premature termination of viral RNA. Chloroquine endosomal fusion by alkalinizing the endosomal pH, thereby obstructing the entry of the viral genome into the host cell. In the class of protein-targeting inhibitors, Amantadine alters proton flux by binding to the M2 ion channel protein, viral uncoating. Cycloheximide and Nelfinavir target eukaryotic translation and viral protease, respectively, thereby halting viral protein synthesis and maturation.

Further strategies to inhibit Mumps replication focus on manipulating host cell mechanisms. 2-deoxy-D-glucose interferes with cellular ATP levels by inhibiting glycolysis, leading to ineffective viral assembly and budding. Levamisole enhances host T-cell responses, which increases interferon-gamma production, further hindering viral replication through immune activation. In summary, Mumps inhibitors can act by disrupting viral replication and assembly, obstructing the viral entry and uncoating processes, and by bolstering host immune responses. Each chemical acts at a specific step in the Mumps life cycle, either by targeting viral components or through interaction with host cellular pathways.