GIMAP9 Activators
GIMAP9 Activators encompass a variety of chemical compounds that directly enhance the functional activity of GIMAP9 through their actions on specific signaling pathways or biological processes. Compounds such as Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Bryostatin 1 activate protein kinase C (PKC), which plays a crucial role in the signal transduction of T-cells, a process essential for T-cell activation and proliferation. GIMAP9, being implicated in T-cell survival, is thus indirectly enhanced in its function due to the upregulation of signaling through PKC. Ionomycin and A23187 operate by increasing intracellular calcium concentrations, which is a pivotal step for the activation of the NFAT pathway, a key regulator of T-cell activation. As GIMAP9 supports T-cell survival, the activation of NFAT by these calcium modulators indirectly promotes GIMAP9's functional activity. Similarly, Forskolin and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) elevate cAMP levels, subsequently activating PKA that phosphorylates proteins in the T-cell receptor signaling pathway, thus aiding in the enhancement of GIMAP9's role in T-cells.
The role of GIMAP9 in T-cell function is further supported by chemicals that modulate lymphocyte trafficking and survival. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and Fingolimod exert their effects through S1P receptors, which are crucial for lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes. The engagement of these receptors can indirectly affect T-cell receptor signaling and thereby the activity of GIMAP9. Lenalidomide's enhancement of T-cell activation through co-stimulatory signal modulation also contributes to an environment that promotes GIMAP9's function in T-cell survival. Additionally, cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) as a second messenger in calcium signaling, and Okadaic Acid as a phosphatase inhibitor, lead to a cascade of phosphorylation events that augment T-cell activation pathways, coinciding with GIMAP9's regulatory role. Anisomycin's activation of stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs/JNKs) also impacts the T-cell signaling pathway, contributing to the fine-tuning of GIMAP9's activity in T-cell-mediated immune responses.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC), which is part of the T-cell receptor signaling pathway. PKC activation leads to the phosphorylation of downstream molecules that are involved in T-cell activation, where GIMAP9 is known to play a role in supporting the survival and proliferation of T-cells. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin increases intracellular calcium concentration, which is essential for the activation of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) pathway. NFAT is a key transcription factor for T-cell activation, and GIMAP9 is implicated in the regulation of T-cell survival, which is influenced by NFAT activity. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin stimulates adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. Elevated cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which can phosphorylate components of the T-cell receptor signaling pathway, enhancing the activity where GIMAP9 is involved. | ||||||
PGE2 | 363-24-6 | sc-201225 sc-201225C sc-201225A sc-201225B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg | $56.00 $156.00 $270.00 $665.00 | 37 | |
PGE2 binds to EP2 and EP4 receptors on T-cells, leading to an increase in cAMP. The rise in cAMP positively influences the T-cell receptor signaling pathway, which can enhance the functional activity of GIMAP9 in T-cell survival and homeostasis. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $54.00 $128.00 $199.00 $311.00 | 23 | |
A23187 acts as a calcium ionophore, increasing intracellular calcium levels and activating calcineurin. Activated calcineurin dephosphorylates NFAT, promoting its nuclear translocation and activity, thereby supporting the survival and function of T-cells where GIMAP9 is active. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $162.00 $316.00 $559.00 $889.00 $1693.00 | 7 | |
S1P interacts with S1P receptors, which are G-protein coupled receptors involved in lymphocyte trafficking. This interaction can influence the T-cell receptor signaling pathway, thereby contributing to the survival and function of T-cells where GIMAP9 plays a role. | ||||||
Lenalidomide | 191732-72-6 | sc-218656 sc-218656A sc-218656B | 10 mg 100 mg 1 g | $49.00 $367.00 $2030.00 | 18 | |
Lenalidomide enhances T-cell activation by modulating the co-stimulatory signals. This modulation supports the functional activity of GIMAP9 by promoting a favorable environment for T-cell survival and proliferation. | ||||||
Bryostatin 1 | 83314-01-6 | sc-201407 | 10 µg | $240.00 | 9 | |
Bryostatin 1 binds to and modulates PKC, which then influences the T-cell receptor signaling pathway. Through PKC modulation, bryostatin 1 can enhance the functional activity of GIMAP9 in T-cell mediated immune responses. | ||||||
Fingolimod | 162359-55-9 | sc-507334 | 10 mg | $160.00 | ||
Fingolimod is phosphorylated in vivo to form fingolimod-phosphate, which binds to S1P receptors. This binding can sequester lymphocytes in lymph nodes, thus indirectly influencing T-cell receptor signaling and potentially enhancing GIMAP9 activity in T-cells. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, leading to increased phosphorylation of proteins within the T-cell receptor signaling pathway. This increased phosphorylation can enhance the activity of GIMAP9 in T-cell function and regulation. | ||||||