Gγ 11 Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of Gγ11 exploit various strategies to modulate the protein's function within cellular signaling pathways. Pertussis Toxin operates by ADP-ribosylating and inactivating the Gi/o proteins, which are key partners of Gγ11 in signal transduction. This action disrupts the normal functioning of Gγ11 by preventing it from exerting its regulatory effects, leading to its functional inhibition within the cell. Similarly, Cholera Toxin targets the Gs protein for ADP-ribosylation, causing its persistent activation. Since cellular signaling requires a balance between different pathways, the constant activation of Gs proteins can result in the functional inhibition of Gγ11 by favoring Gs-mediated signals over those mediated by Gi/o proteins, where Gγ11 is typically active.
Other inhibitors like NF449 specifically target Gαs subunits, thus shifting the balance of signaling towards Gi/o-mediated pathways. This selective inhibition can reduce the relative activity of Gγ11 by outcompeting it in signaling pathways. YM-254890 and UBO-QIC, both selective Gαq inhibitors, can indirectly inhibit Gγ11 by altering the signaling equilibrium in favor of Gi/o-mediated pathways. Gallein, by inhibiting Gβγ subunit signaling, provides another avenue for Gγ11 inhibition, since it is part of this dimer; Gallein's presence prevents Gγ11 from participating in its normal signaling roles. GDP-β-S and GTPγS, analogs of GDP and GTP respectively, bind to Gα subunits and either prevent their activation or maintain them in an active state, which in turn affects the availability of these subunits to form complexes with Gβγ, including Gγ11. This modulation of Gα subunit activity by GDP-β-S and GTPγS results in the functional inhibition of Gγ11 by impeding its role in signaling cascades.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pertussis Toxin (islet-activating protein) | 70323-44-3 | sc-200837 | 50 µg | $451.00 | 3 | |
Pertussis Toxin irreversibly ADP-ribosylates and inactivates Gi/o proteins, which are involved in the same signaling pathways as Gγ11. This inhibition of Gi/o function would prevent Gγ11 from exerting its effects through Gi/o-mediated signal transduction, thereby functionally inhibiting Gγ11. | ||||||
NF449 | 627034-85-9 | sc-478179 sc-478179A sc-478179B | 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $203.00 $469.00 $1509.00 | 1 | |
NF449 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Gαs subunits. By selectively inhibiting Gαs, NF449 can preferentially direct signaling towards pathways that are Gi/o mediated, where Gγ11 is involved. This serves to functionally inhibit Gγ11 by outcompeting it in signaling pathways, thereby reducing its relative activity. | ||||||
YM 254890 | 568580-02-9 | sc-507356 | 1 mg | $510.00 | ||
YM-254890 selectively inhibits Gαq subunit function. Gαq and Gi/o often have opposing effects in signaling pathways. Inhibition of Gαq can result in enhanced signaling through Gi/o, which would involve Gγ11. This chemical can thus indirectly inhibit Gγ11 by skewing signaling away from pathways where Gγ11 is active due to the opposing signaling dynamics. | ||||||
FR 900359 | 107530-18-7 | sc-507357 | 500 µg | $226.00 | ||
UBO-QIC is known to be a selective Gαq inhibitor. As Gαq and Gi/o pathways can be interlinked, the suppression of Gαq signaling by UBO-QIC can alter the signaling landscape in favor of Gi/o pathways, which includes Gγ11. This alteration can indirectly inhibit Gγ11 by shifting cellular response away from Gγ11-predominant signaling. | ||||||
Gallein | 2103-64-2 | sc-202631 | 50 mg | $85.00 | 20 | |
Gallein is a compound that inhibits Gβγ subunit signaling. Since Gγ11 is a part of the Gβγ dimer, inhibition of Gβγ function by Gallein would lead to the functional inhibition of Gγ11 by preventing it from participating in its normal signaling roles. | ||||||
Guanosine 5′-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) tetralithium salt | 94825-44-2 | sc-202639 | 10 mg | $465.00 | ||
GTPγS is a non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP that binds to and stabilizes the active form of the Gα subunit. By preventing the deactivation of Gα subunits, GTPγS limits the availability of Gα subunits for Gβγ, including Gγ11, thereby functionally inhibiting Gγ11 by preventing its participation in its typical signaling pathways. | ||||||
Suramin sodium | 129-46-4 | sc-507209 sc-507209F sc-507209A sc-507209B sc-507209C sc-507209D sc-507209E | 50 mg 100 mg 250 mg 1 g 10 g 25 g 50 g | $152.00 $214.00 $728.00 $2601.00 $10965.00 $21838.00 $41096.00 | 5 | |
Suramin is an antagonist of G protein-coupled purinergic receptors. As these receptors are involved in pathways where GγIt seems that there has been a mistake in the provided content. The table structure is not correctly formatted for Markdown, and the content itself does not appear to match a typical use case for a Markdown table, such as listing specific properties or data for various chemicals. | ||||||