ENOPH1 Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of ENOPH1 can act through various mechanisms to hinder its function in the purine metabolic pathway. Allopurinol and its metabolite, oxipurinol, along with thiopurinol, are inhibitors of xanthine oxidase, a key enzyme in the breakdown of purines to uric acid. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by these compounds leads to reduced production of uric acid and, concomitantly, a reduction in the purine derivatives that serve as substrates for ENOPH1. This can result in a decrease in the metabolic flux through the pathways where ENOPH1 operates, effectively reducing its activity by limiting substrate availability. Febuxostat, another selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor, functions similarly, curtailing the generation of purine metabolites and therefore diminishing the functional capacity of ENOPH1.
Methotrexate, a well-known inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, curtails the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate, a critical cofactor for the synthesis of purine nucleotides. Consequently, the inhibition of this enzyme can lead to a decrease in the availability of purines, indirectly suppressing ENOPH1 activity by starving it of its substrates. Azathioprine and its active metabolite, 6-mercaptopurine, as well as the related compound 6-thioguanine, disrupt purine nucleotide synthesis by getting incorporated into DNA and RNA. This disrupts the synthesis and function of these nucleic acids, ultimately impeding the purine metabolic pathways and thus functionally inhibiting ENOPH1. Mycophenolic acid takes a similar route by inhibiting inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, leading to a decrease in purine biosynthesis, which can result in an indirect but functional inhibition of ENOPH1 due to diminished substrate levels. Ribavirin and tiazofurin also inhibit inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, with an analogous outcome on ENOPH1 activity. Lastly, mercaptopurine riboside, a nucleoside analogue of 6-mercaptopurine, inhibits the purine salvage pathway, thereby reducing the pool of purine nucleotides available for ENOPH1, leading to its functional inhibition within the purine metabolic pathway.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allopurinol | 315-30-0 | sc-207272 | 25 g | $131.00 | ||
Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that can inhibit the production of uric acid. Since ENOPH1 is involved in purine metabolism, allopurinol's inhibition of upstream components in purine catabolism can decrease the substrate availability for ENOPH1, leading to its functional inhibition. | ||||||
Methotrexate | 59-05-2 | sc-3507 sc-3507A | 100 mg 500 mg | $94.00 $213.00 | 33 | |
Methotrexate acts as a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor which leads to a reduction in purine synthesis. As ENOPH1 is implicated in the same metabolic pathway, the reduction in purine synthesis can result in decreased activity of ENOPH1 due to lower substrate concentration. | ||||||
Azathioprine | 446-86-6 | sc-210853D sc-210853 sc-210853A sc-210853B sc-210853C | 500 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g 10 g | $203.00 $176.00 $349.00 $505.00 $704.00 | 1 | |
Azathioprine is metabolized into 6-mercaptopurine which interferes with the synthesis of purine nucleotides. This interference can functionally inhibit ENOPH1 by reducing the concentration of its substrates within the purine metabolic pathway. | ||||||
6-Mercaptopurine | 50-44-2 | sc-361087 sc-361087A | 50 mg 100 mg | $72.00 $104.00 | ||
6-Mercaptopurine is a purine analogue that incorporates into DNA and RNA, disrupting their function and synthesis. Its action can impede the purine metabolic pathway where ENOPH1 functions, leading to its inhibition due to a lack of necessary purine substrates. | ||||||
6-Thioguanine | 154-42-7 | sc-205587 sc-205587A | 250 mg 500 mg | $42.00 $54.00 | 3 | |
Similar to 6-mercaptopurine, 6-Thioguanine is a guanine analogue that gets incorporated into DNA and RNA, affecting purine metabolism and synthesis. This results in a functional inhibition of ENOPH1 due to disrupted purine synthesis. | ||||||
Mycophenolic acid | 24280-93-1 | sc-200110 sc-200110A | 100 mg 500 mg | $69.00 $266.00 | 8 | |
Mycophenolic acid inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme in the purine synthesis pathway. The inhibition of this enzyme can reduce the availability of purines, thereby indirectly inhibiting the activity of ENOPH1. | ||||||
Ribavirin | 36791-04-5 | sc-203238 sc-203238A sc-203238B | 10 mg 100 mg 5 g | $63.00 $110.00 $214.00 | 1 | |
Ribavirin is a nucleoside analogue that interferes with the synthesis of guanine nucleotides. By inhibiting inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, it can decrease purine biosynthesis and thus inhibit ENOPH1 activity indirectly. | ||||||
Tiazofurin | 60084-10-8 | sc-475805 | 5 mg | $449.00 | ||
Tiazofurin is metabolized to an active form that inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. As this enzyme is crucial for the synthesis of purines, its inhibition can lead to a decrease in ENOPH1 activity due to reduced substrate availability. | ||||||
Febuxostat | 144060-53-7 | sc-207680 | 10 mg | $168.00 | 3 | |
Febuxostat is a selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor, and by inhibiting this enzyme, it can reduce the production of uric acid. This action can functionally inhibit ENOPH1 by decreasing the purine derivatives that serve as substrates for ENOPH1. | ||||||
Oxipurinol | 2465-59-0 | sc-208138 sc-208138A | 100 mg 500 mg | $222.00 $759.00 | 1 | |
Oxipurinol, the active metabolite of allopurinol, also inhibits xanthine oxidase. By reducing uric acid synthesis, it can affect the purine metabolism pathway and functionally inhibit ENOPH1. | ||||||