CEACAM3 Activators
CEACAM3 Activators encompass a variety of chemical compounds that, through different mechanisms, serve to enhance the functional activity of CEACAM3. For instance, Epinephrine and Forskolin both elevate intracellular cAMP levels, which have been implicated in bolstering the immune cell response, likely leading to increased CEACAM3 activity in processes such as neutrophil activation and pathogen engagement. Similarly, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Histamine, via the activation of protein kinase C, enhance immune cell adhesion and migration, which are central to CEACAM3'sPart 2:
CEACAM3 Activators constitute a diverse group of chemical compounds that directly or indirectly enhance the functional activity of CEACAM3, a protein critically involved in immune cell adhesion and bacterial phagocytosis. Compounds like Epinephrine, Forskolin, and Histamine exert their effects by increasing the levels of secondary messengers such as cAMP or by modulating intracellular calcium levels, which are known to potentiate immune cell responses. Epinephrine acts on adrenergic receptors, Forskolin directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, and Histamine interacts with H1 receptors, all leading to cellular conditions that favor CEACAM3 activation. The increase in cAMP or calcium, in turn, enhances CEACAM3's role in the immune response, particularly in neutrophil activation and the phagocytosis of pathogens. Other activators such as Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Arachidonic acid function through the activation of protein kinase C or by the modulation of inflammatory mediators, respectively, which are processes deeply intertwined with CEACAM3's functional repertoire. PMA's role in PKC activation and Arachidonic acid's involvement in eicosanoid production result in an augmented immune cell adhesive and migratory capacity where CEACAM3 is a key player. Additionally, compounds like Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 influence immune cell function through TLR4 signaling and vitamin D receptor activation, respectively, thereby upregulating CEACAM3 expression and enhancing its bactericidal function.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(−)-Epinephrine | 51-43-4 | sc-205674 sc-205674A sc-205674B sc-205674C sc-205674D | 1 g 5 g 10 g 100 g 1 kg | $40.00 $102.00 $197.00 $1739.00 $16325.00 | ||
Epinephrine, acting on adrenergic receptors, enhances the production of cAMP. CEACAM3, involved in cellular adhesion and bacterial phagocytosis, is posited to have increased functional activity due to higher cAMP levels, as cAMP is a secondary messenger that can enhance immune cell responses. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC). PKC, in turn, plays a role in the regulation of immune cell adhesion and migration, processes in which CEACAM3 is directly involved. Activation of PKC is thus likely to enhance CEACAM3-mediated phagocytic activity of granulocytes. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cAMP synthesis. Elevated cAMP levels are known to enhance the immune cell response, which would likely increase CEACAM3 activity in its role in neutrophil activation and bacterial clearance. | ||||||
Histamine, free base | 51-45-6 | sc-204000 sc-204000A sc-204000B | 1 g 5 g 25 g | $92.00 $277.00 $969.00 | 7 | |
Histamine, through its receptor H1, increases intracellular calcium levels which can activate PKC. PKC activation is associated with enhanced immune responses, which would support higher activity of CEACAM3 in immune cell adhesion and pathogen clearance. | ||||||
Lipopolysaccharide, E. coli O55:B5 | 93572-42-0 | sc-221855 sc-221855A sc-221855B sc-221855C | 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg | $96.00 $166.00 $459.00 $1615.00 | 12 | |
LPS binds to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), initiating a signaling cascade that results in NF-κB activation. NF-κB is a transcription factor that enhances immune cell function, likely increasing the activity of CEACAM3 in pathogen recognition and phagocytosis. | ||||||
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 | 32222-06-3 | sc-202877B sc-202877A sc-202877C sc-202877D sc-202877 | 50 µg 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 100 µg | $325.00 $632.00 $1428.00 $2450.00 $400.00 | 32 | |
This active form of vitamin D3 modulates immune responses. It has been shown to upregulate CEACAM3 expression on neutrophils, thereby enhancing their bactericidal activity. | ||||||
Arachidonic Acid (20:4, n-6) | 506-32-1 | sc-200770 sc-200770A sc-200770B | 100 mg 1 g 25 g | $90.00 $235.00 $4243.00 | 9 | |
Arachidonic acid is metabolized into eicosanoids, which can modulate immune responses. By altering the inflammatory milieu, arachidonic acid can enhance the functional activity of CEACAM3 in immune cell signaling. | ||||||
Zymosan | 9010-72-4 | sc-296863 sc-296863A | 100 mg 1 g | $97.00 $587.00 | 1 | |
Zymosan activates the complement receptor 3 (CR3) on immune cells, which is involved in the opsonization and phagocytosis of pathogens, a process in which CEACAM3 is also involved, potentially enhancing its activation. | ||||||
NAD+, Free Acid | 53-84-9 | sc-208084B sc-208084 sc-208084A sc-208084C sc-208084D sc-208084E sc-208084F | 1 g 5 g 10 g 25 g 100 g 1 kg 5 kg | $56.00 $186.00 $296.00 $655.00 $2550.00 $3500.00 $10500.00 | 4 | |
NAD+, through its role as a coenzyme in redox reactions, is essential for the energy metabolism of cells. Increased energy metabolism can support the enhanced activity of CEACAM3 in immune responses. | ||||||
D-Glucosamine | 3416-24-8 | sc-278917A sc-278917 | 1 g 10 g | $197.00 $764.00 | ||
Glucosamine is involved in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans, which are part of the extracellular matrix. It may enhance CEACAM3-mediated cell adhesion and migration by influencing the glycosylation patterns of the protein. | ||||||