CD74 Activators
CD74 activators represent a diverse group of compounds that modulate the activity of Cluster of Differentiation 74 (CD74), a crucial component of the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) pathway involved in antigen presentation. Among the selected chemicals, Brefeldin A, MG-132, Leptomycin B, Auranofin, IFN-γ, Rapamycin, Anisomycin, A23187, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Chloroquine, Sodium Butyrate, and Leflunomide have been identified as activators of CD74. These activators exert their effects through various mechanisms, influencing cellular processes that converge on the MHC II antigen presentation pathway. Brefeldin A disrupts vesicular transport and the Golgi apparatus, leading to the accumulation of CD74 on the cell surface and enhancing antigen presentation. MG-132 inhibits the proteasome, preventing CD74 degradation and increasing its stability on the cell surface. Leptomycin B inhibits nuclear export, leading to the nuclear accumulation of transcription factors, including CIITA, resulting in increased CD74 expression and improved antigen presentation. Auranofin modulates redox signaling, activating transcription factors involved in MHC II gene expression, including CD74. IFN-γ promotes CIITA expression, indirectly increasing CD74 levels and enhancing antigen presentation.
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) modulates the cAMP signaling pathway, influencing transcription factors involved in MHC II gene expression, including CD74. Chloroquine modulates endosomal acidification, promoting the stability of MHC II molecules, including CD74, on the cell surface. Sodium Butyrate influences histone acetylation, increasing CD74 expression and enhancing antigen presentation. Leflunomide modulates the NF-κB signaling pathway, activating transcription factors involved in MHC II gene expression, including CD74.
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brefeldin A | 20350-15-6 | sc-200861C sc-200861 sc-200861A sc-200861B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $31.00 $53.00 $124.00 $374.00 | 25 | |
Brefeldin A indirectly activates CD74 by disrupting vesicular transport and the Golgi apparatus. This disruption leads to the accumulation of MHC class II molecules, including CD74, on the cell surface, enhancing antigen presentation and CD74-mediated signaling. | ||||||
MG-132 [Z-Leu- Leu-Leu-CHO] | 133407-82-6 | sc-201270 sc-201270A sc-201270B | 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $60.00 $265.00 $1000.00 | 163 | |
MG-132 indirectly activates CD74 by inhibiting the proteasome, preventing the degradation of MHC class II molecules, including CD74. This inhibition results in the accumulation of CD74 on the cell surface, promoting its stability and augmenting antigen presentation and CD74-mediated cellular responses. | ||||||
Leptomycin B | 87081-35-4 | sc-358688 sc-358688A sc-358688B | 50 µg 500 µg 2.5 mg | $107.00 $416.00 $1248.00 | 35 | |
Leptomycin B indirectly activates CD74 by inhibiting nuclear export. This inhibition leads to the nuclear accumulation of transcription factors, including CIITA, which enhances MHC class II gene expression, resulting in increased levels of CD74 and improved antigen presentation on the cell surface. | ||||||
Auranofin | 34031-32-8 | sc-202476 sc-202476A sc-202476B | 25 mg 100 mg 2 g | $153.00 $214.00 $4000.00 | 39 | |
Auranofin indirectly activates CD74 by modulating redox signaling. It influences the redox status of the cell, leading to the activation of transcription factors involved in MHC class II gene expression, including CD74. This activation enhances antigen presentation by increasing CD74 levels on the cell surface. | ||||||
Rapamycin | 53123-88-9 | sc-3504 sc-3504A sc-3504B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg | $63.00 $158.00 $326.00 | 233 | |
Rapamycin indirectly activates CD74 by inhibiting the mTOR pathway. mTOR inhibition leads to the activation of transcription factors involved in MHC class II gene expression, including CD74. This activation enhances antigen presentation by increasing CD74 levels on the cell surface, contributing to immune responses against foreign antigens. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $99.00 $259.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin indirectly activates CD74 by modulating the MAPK signaling pathway. It influences the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways, leading to the activation of transcription factors involved in MHC class II gene expression, including CD74. This activation enhances antigen presentation by increasing CD74 levels on the cell surface, promoting effective immune responses. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $55.00 $131.00 $203.00 $317.00 | 23 | |
A23187 indirectly activates CD74 by elevating intracellular calcium levels, which can enhance MHC class II gene expression, including CD74. This calcium-dependent modulation contributes to increased CD74 levels on the cell surface, improving antigen presentation and CD74-mediated cellular responses. | ||||||
PGE2 | 363-24-6 | sc-201225 sc-201225C sc-201225A sc-201225B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg | $57.00 $159.00 $275.00 $678.00 | 37 | |
Prostaglandin E2 indirectly activates CD74 by modulating the cAMP signaling pathway. It influences the activity of transcription factors involved in MHC class II gene expression, including CD74. This activation enhances antigen presentation by increasing CD74 levels on the cell surface, promoting effective immune responses against foreign antigens. | ||||||
Sodium Butyrate | 156-54-7 | sc-202341 sc-202341B sc-202341A sc-202341C | 250 mg 5 g 25 g 500 g | $31.00 $47.00 $84.00 $222.00 | 19 | |
Sodium Butyrate indirectly activates CD74 by influencing histone acetylation. It modulates chromatin structure, leading to increased accessibility of the MHC class II gene promoter, including CD74. This epigenetic modulation enhances antigen presentation by increasing CD74 levels on the cell surface, contributing to effective immune responses against foreign antigens. | ||||||
Leflunomide | 75706-12-6 | sc-202209 sc-202209A | 10 mg 50 mg | $20.00 $83.00 | 5 | |
Leflunomide indirectly activates CD74 by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. It influences the activity of transcription factors involved in MHC class II gene expression, including CD74. This activation enhances antigen presentation by increasing CD74 levels on the cell surface, promoting effective immune responses against foreign antigens. | ||||||