CD22 Inhibitors

CD22 inhibitors are a class of chemical compounds designed to target and modulate the activity of the CD22 protein, which plays a crucial role in immune regulation and B-cell function. CD22, also known as Siglec-2 (Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 2), is a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily expressed on the surface of B cells, including both mature B cells and B-cell precursors. It functions as a negative regulator of B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, helping to curb excessive activation of B cells and maintaining immune tolerance. CD22 inhibitors are designed to interfere with CD22's interaction with sialic acid residues on glycoproteins, a critical step in its immunomodulatory function.

The mechanism of action of CD22 inhibitors typically involves binding to the CD22 protein, blocking its engagement with sialic acid residues. This disruption of CD22's binding ability can lead to enhanced BCR signaling, thereby promoting B-cell activation. CD22 inhibitors may also trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), leading to the elimination of CD22-expressing B cells. These compounds are of interest in the field of immunology and oncology, as they have the ability to modulate immune responses.