β3Gn-T4 Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of β3Gn-T4 can interfere with its glycosyltransferase function by targeting various enzymes involved in the glycan processing pathway, which are crucial for the proper substrate formation required by β3Gn-T4. Swainsonine acts by inhibiting Golgi alpha-mannosidase II, a key enzyme in the trimming of mannose residues during N-glycan biosynthesis. This inhibition leads to the lack of appropriate substrates for β3Gn-T4, thereby impeding its glycosylation activity. Similarly, deoxynojirimycin and 1-deoxynojirimycin, both iminosugars, inhibit processing glycosidases that are involved in the early and intermediate stages of glycan synthesis, resulting in aberrant glycan structures that are not suitable substrates for β3Gn-T4. Castanospermine and its prodrug form, celgosivir, target glucosidase I and II, leading to altered N-glycan structures that disrupt the functional activity of β3Gn-T4.
Kifunensine, an inhibitor of mannosidase I, causes the accumulation of high-mannose glycans, which may not be efficiently elongated by β3Gn-T4 due to their altered structure compared to the typical substrates. Additionally, salicin, a glucoside, competitively inhibits various glycosidases, which has a downstream effect on the formation of β3Gn-T4 substrates, similarly hindering its enzymatic role in glycosylation. Isofagomine, another competitive inhibitor, this time of β-glucosidase, leads to the formation of glycan structures that are not optimally recognized or utilized by β3Gn-T4. This improper glycan assembly disrupts the usual pathway in which β3Gn-T4 operates. Miglustat, while primarily inhibiting glucosylceramide synthase, can also affect the availability of substrates for β3Gn-T4 due to its broader inhibitory effects on glycosyltransferases. Lastly, NB-DNJ (N-butyldeoxynojirimycin) impacts the synthesis of glycosphingolipids, which can influence the overall glycosylation process, including the pathways where β3Gn-T4 is active, by preventing the formation of complex N-glycans that are typically modified by β3Gn-T4.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Swainsonine | 72741-87-8 | sc-201362 sc-201362C sc-201362A sc-201362D sc-201362B | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $138.00 $251.00 $631.00 $815.00 $1832.00 | 6 | |
Inhibits Golgi alpha-mannosidase II, which is essential for the trimming of mannose residues in N-glycan biosynthesis, a pathway β3Gn-T4 is part of. By blocking this step, the proper substrate for β3Gn-T4 is not formed, thus inhibiting its function. | ||||||
Deoxynojirimycin | 19130-96-2 | sc-201369 sc-201369A | 1 mg 5 mg | $73.00 $145.00 | ||
An iminosugar that inhibits processing glycosidases; its action on these enzymes in the N-glycan pathway can lead to improper glycan synthesis, thereby inhibiting the function of β3Gn-T4 which relies on correct glycan structures to exert its function. | ||||||
Kifunensine | 109944-15-2 | sc-201364 sc-201364A sc-201364B sc-201364C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 100 mg | $135.00 $540.00 $1025.00 $6248.00 | 25 | |
A potent inhibitor of mannosidase I, the inhibition of this enzyme can lead to the accumulation of high-mannose glycans, which may not be optimal substrates for β3Gn-T4, thereby inhibiting its function in glycan elongation. | ||||||
Castanospermine | 79831-76-8 | sc-201358 sc-201358A | 100 mg 500 mg | $184.00 $632.00 | 10 | |
Inhibits glucosidase I and II, enzymes involved in the early steps of N-glycan processing; by inhibiting these enzymes, the substrate for β3Gn-T4 is altered, leading to a reduction in its glycosyltransferase activity. | ||||||
Celgosivir | 121104-96-9 | sc-488385 sc-488385A sc-488385B | 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $525.00 $902.00 $2700.00 | ||
A prodrug form of castanospermine, inhibits glucosidase I; this results in improper glycan processing which in turn can inhibit β3Gn-T4 by affecting the pool of substrates necessary for its activity. | ||||||
D-(−)-Salicin | 138-52-3 | sc-218004 | 5 g | $59.00 | ||
This glucoside can inhibit several glycosidases by acting as a competitive inhibitor, which can indirectly inhibit β3Gn-T4 by preventing the formation of its acceptor substrates in the glycosylation pathway. | ||||||
Isofagomine D-Tartrate | 957230-65-8 | sc-207767 sc-207767A sc-207767C sc-207767B | 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg 25 mg | $387.00 $724.00 $2015.00 $1223.00 | ||
A reversible competitive inhibitor of β-glucosidase, which may lead to aberrant glycan structures that are not effectively utilized by β3Gn-T4, thus functionally inhibiting its activity in the glycosylation pathway. | ||||||