ADH4 Inibitori

I comuni inibitori dell'ADH4 includono, a titolo esemplificativo, il disulfiram CAS 97-77-8, il fomepizolo CAS 7554-65-6, la cianamide CAS 420-04-2, la daidzina CAS 552-66-9 e la quercetina CAS 117-39-5.

ADH4 inhibitors span a range of structural classes and mechanisms, but a common theme among these compounds is their ability to competitively inhibit the enzymatic action. For example, 4-Methylpyrazole and Fomepizole directly compete with the native substrates by binding to the enzyme's active site, effectively decreasing ADH4's ability to catalyze the conversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. These inhibitors essentially lock the enzyme in an inactive form by blocking its active site, thus providing a direct mechanism of inhibition. Others like Daidzin, Quercetin, and Gallic Acid employ similar mechanisms.

While some compounds directly inhibit ADH4, others like Disulfiram and Cyanamide work indirectly by affecting other enzymes in the alcohol metabolism pathway. For instance, they inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase and contribute to acetaldehyde build-up, which in turn can inhibit ADH4. Another layer of complexity is added by compounds like Naloxone and Indomethacin, which can indirectly affect ADH4 through entirely different pathways such as opioid signaling and prostaglandin synthesis. These compounds underline the versatility in ADH4 inhibition, ranging from direct competition at the active site to indirect interference through related pathways.