4932438H23Rik Activators
Chemical activators of exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein can induce its activation through various intracellular signaling pathways and mechanisms. Forskolin, by activating adenylate cyclase, increases the concentration of cAMP within the cell, which in turn activates protein kinase A (PKA). The activation of PKA can lead to the phosphorylation of proteins that interact with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, thereby promoting its functional state. Similarly, 8-Bromo-cAMP and Dibutyryl-cAMP, both being stable analogs of cAMP, also activate PKA and thus can enhance the phosphorylation and activation of this protein. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activates protein kinase C (PKC), which then phosphorylates a variety of substrates that can interact with and activate exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein. This cascade of phosphorylation events is critical for the modulation of protein-protein interactions that facilitate the activation of the protein.
Concurrently, other chemical activators work by modulating intracellular calcium levels or inhibiting phosphatases that typically act to dephosphorylate proteins. Ionomycin, acting as a calcium ionophore, and Thapsigargin, as a SERCA pump inhibitor, both lead to an increase in cytosolic calcium levels. This increase can activate calcium-dependent kinases that are capable of phosphorylating and activating exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein. Sodium Fluoride, by inhibiting phosphatases, prevents the dephosphorylation of proteins, thus maintaining them in an activated state that can interact with and activate exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein. Okadaic Acid and Calyculin A, both inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, similarly increase the phosphorylation state within cells, contributing to the activation of the protein. Additionally, Zinc Sulfate can alter the structure and function of proteins that associate with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, potentially leading to its activation due to conformational changes. Hydrogen Peroxide, through oxidative modifications, can also alter the function of interacting proteins, thereby activating exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein. Lastly, Spermine NONOate, by releasing nitric oxide, can increase cGMP levels, activating protein kinase G (PKG) which may then phosphorylate and activate proteins interacting with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, culminating in its functional activation.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates Protein Kinase C (PKC), which phosphorylates a variety of proteins. PKC-mediated phosphorylation can lead to changes in the protein-protein interactions and functions of proteins associated with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, thereby activating its function. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin acts as an ionophore that raises intracellular calcium levels. Increased intracellular calcium can activate calcium-dependent protein kinases, which may phosphorylate and thus activate exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein or its associated binding partners. | ||||||
8-Bromo-cAMP | 76939-46-3 | sc-201564 sc-201564A | 10 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $224.00 | 30 | |
8-Bromo-cAMP is a cell-permeable cAMP analog that activates PKA. Activation of PKA leads to the phosphorylation of proteins that may interact directly with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, resulting in its activation. | ||||||
Sodium Fluoride | 7681-49-4 | sc-24988A sc-24988 sc-24988B | 5 g 100 g 500 g | $39.00 $45.00 $98.00 | 26 | |
Sodium Fluoride is a phosphatase inhibitor, which by inhibiting dephosphorylation can lead to an accumulation of phosphorylated proteins. The increased phosphorylation can enhance the interaction and activation of exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein with its targets. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin is a SERCA pump inhibitor which leads to an increase in cytosolic calcium levels. Elevated calcium can activate calcium-dependent kinases that may phosphorylate and activate exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein or proteins that associate with it, resulting in its functional activation. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $45.00 $130.00 $480.00 $4450.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl-cAMP, a stable cAMP analog, activates PKA, leading to the phosphorylation of regulatory proteins that interact with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, causing activation of its function. | ||||||
Zinc | 7440-66-6 | sc-213177 | 100 g | $47.00 | ||
Zinc Sulfate can bind to certain proteins and alter their structure and function. Through binding to proteins that interact with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, Zinc Sulfate can lead to a conformational change that results in the activation of exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein. | ||||||
Hydrogen Peroxide | 7722-84-1 | sc-203336 sc-203336A sc-203336B | 100 ml 500 ml 3.8 L | $30.00 $60.00 $93.00 | 27 | |
Hydrogen Peroxide can lead to oxidative modifications of proteins, altering their function. These modifications can induce changes in the proteins that interact with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, which can result in its activation. | ||||||
Spermine NONOate | 136587-13-8 | sc-202816 sc-202816A | 5 mg 25 mg | $52.00 $192.00 | 5 | |
Spermine NONOate releases nitric oxide (NO) which can activate soluble guanylyl cyclase, increasing cyclic GMP (cGMP) levels. Elevated cGMP can activate PKG, which can phosphorylate and activate proteins that interact with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, thus activating it. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic Acid is a potent inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), leading to increased phosphorylation levels in the cell. This can enhance the phosphorylation state of proteins associated with exosomal polycystin 1 interacting protein, resulting in its activation. | ||||||