GADD 45β Antibody (N-19): sc-8775

Cell cycle progression is subject to arrest at G1 and G2 checkpoints in response to DNA damage, presumably to allow time for DNA repair prior to entry into S and M phase, respectively. The p53 tumor suppressor is required for one such G1 checkpoint and functions to upregulate expression of GADD 45 and p21. GADD 45 binds both Cdks and PCNA, a protein involved in DNA replication and repair. GADD 45 stimulates DNA excision repair in vitro and inhibits entry of cells into S phase. Thus, it has been suggested that GADD 45 may serve as a link between the p53-dependent cell cycle checkpoint and DNA repair. GADD 45-like proteins, GADD 45β and GADD 45γ, have been shown to be induced by environmental stresses. GADD 45β and GADD 45γ are thought to induce p38/JNK activation via MEKK4 activation.