cis-1-Amino-indan-2-carboxylic acid (CAS 135053-20-2)

Cis-1-amino-indan-2-carboxylic acid, often referred to as AICA or cycloleucine, is a non-proteinogenic amino acid. The structural resemblance of AICA to the neurotransmitter glutamate and its ability to effectively activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a element in the regulation of cellular energy balance, has led to extensive study. Furthermore, studies indicate that it might inhibit the growth of cancer cells and trigger apoptosis, implying possible anti-cancer properties. In the context of neurodegenerative diseases, AICA has demonstrated potential in guarding against neuronal damage and enhancing cognitive function. The action of cis-1-amino-indan-2-carboxylic acid is linked to its mimicry of the effects of AMP, which leads to the phosphorylation and activation of various downstream targets involved in cellular energy balance. This activation of AMPK can result in an increased uptake of glucose and oxidation of fatty acids, along with a reduction in gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. It has also been found to activate the mTOR pathway, which plays a role in protein synthesis and cell growth.