Benzoic acid (CAS 65-85-0)

Benzoic acid, with the chemical formula C6H5COOH, is extensively used in the field of organic synthesis due to its carboxyl group, which facilitates the formation of esters and salts known as benzoates. This versatility makes it crucial in producing a wide range of chemical products, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and perfumes. In scientific research, benzoic acid is particularly valuable as a calibration standard in bomb calorimetry, where its stable heat of combustion helps measure the energy content of other substances. Additionally, its role in analytical chemistry as a pH modifier allows for the adjustment of solution conditions, affecting solubility and reactivity of compounds under study. Benzoic acid also contributes to the understanding of chemical kinetics and reaction mechanisms, offering insights into the decomposition processes of carboxylic acids and the stability of organic compounds under varied conditions. This broad applicability enhances its significance in both industrial applications and fundamental chemical research.