Clasto-Lactacystin β-Lactone is the β-lactone active form of the Streptomyces antibiotic lactacystin, a widely employed inhibitor of the 20S proteasome. Hydrolysis of lactacystin releases N-acetyl-L-cysteine and reveals the inactive clasto-Lactacystin dihydroxy carboxylic acid, which then cyclizes to form the active β-lactone species. Clasto-Lactacystin β-Lactone is thought to be the primary compound that interacts with the proteasome, as conditions stabilizing to lactacystin that prevent accumulation of the β-lactone also display diminished inhibition of the proteasome. Clasto-Lactacystin β-Lactone is an inhibitor of cathepsin A.
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