α/β/γPAK Antibody (D-8): sc-166174

α/β/γPAK Antibody (D-8) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 kappa light chain antibody that detects α/β/γPAK protein of mouse, rat, and human origin by western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). α/β/γPAK (D-8) antibody is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. The alpha, beta, and gamma PAK isoforms, which are serine/threonine kinases, play a crucial role in cellular signaling pathways by interacting with the small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. These interactions are vital for regulating cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility, processes that are essential for various physiological functions, including cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Notably, γPAK has eight autophosphorylation sites, with phosphorylation at Ser 141 and Thr 402 being particularly important for activation. Upon activation, γPAK can dissociate from Rac1 and Cdc42 complex, allowing phosphorylation of downstream substrates such as Mek kinase, which is a key player in the JNK signaling pathway. This intricate regulation of signaling pathways underscores the importance of PAK proteins in maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to external stimuli.

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α/β/γPAK Antibody (D-8) References:

1. p21-activated protein kinase gamma-PAK is activated by ionizing radiation and other DNA-damaging agents. Similarities and differences to alpha-PAK.  |  Roig, J. and Traugh, JA. 1999. J Biol Chem. 274: 31119-22. PMID: 10531298
2. betaPak-interacting exchange factor-mediated Rac1 activation requires smgGDS guanine nucleotide exchange factor in basic fibroblast growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth.  |  Shin, EY., et al. 2006. J Biol Chem. 281: 35954-64. PMID: 16954223
3. Molecular cloning of the gene for the human placental GTP-binding protein Gp (G25K): identification of this GTP-binding protein as the human homolog of the yeast cell-division-cycle protein CDC42.  |  Shinjo, K., et al. 1990. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 87: 9853-7. PMID: 2124704
4. rac, a novel ras-related family of proteins that are botulinum toxin substrates.  |  Didsbury, J., et al. 1989. J Biol Chem. 264: 16378-82. PMID: 2674130
5. The small GTP-binding proteins Rac1 and Cdc42 regulate the activity of the JNK/SAPK signaling pathway.  |  Coso, OA., et al. 1995. Cell. 81: 1137-46. PMID: 7600581
6. A novel serine kinase activated by rac1/CDC42Hs-dependent autophosphorylation is related to PAK65 and STE20.  |  Martin, GA., et al. 1995. EMBO J. 14: 1970-8. PMID: 7744004
7. Differential activation of ERK and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases by Raf-1 and MEKK.  |  Minden, A., et al. 1994. Science. 266: 1719-23. PMID: 7992057
8. Activation of stress-activated protein kinase by MEKK1 phosphorylation of its activator SEK1.  |  Yan, M., et al. Nature. 372: 798-800. PMID: 7997270
9. A brain serine/threonine protein kinase activated by Cdc42 and Rac1.  |  Manser, E., et al. 1994. Nature. 367: 40-6. PMID: 8107774
10. Proteins regulating Ras and its relatives.  |  Boguski, MS. and McCormick, F. 1993. Nature. 366: 643-54. PMID: 8259209
11. Myosin phosphorylation by human cdc42-dependent S6/H4 kinase/gammaPAK from placenta and lymphoid cells.  |  Ramos, E., et al. 1997. Recept Signal Transduct. 7: 99-110. PMID: 9392438
12. A conserved negative regulatory region in alphaPAK: inhibition of PAK kinases reveals their morphological roles downstream of Cdc42 and Rac1.  |  Zhao, ZS., et al. 1998. Mol Cell Biol. 18: 2153-63. PMID: 9528787

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-α/β/γPAK Antibody (D-8) has 6 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-α/β/γPAK Antibody (D-8) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

α/β/γPAK Antibody (D-8) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: P21 Activated Kinase

Product Clone Name: D-8

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG₁ kappa light chain

Amino Acids: 263-345

Epitope Target: βPAK

Epitope Species: mouse

Product Reactivity/Detection: αPAK, βPAK and γPAK

Species Reactivity/Detection: mouse, rat, human

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP, IF, IHC(P), ELISA

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG₁ kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 6 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for α/β/γPAK Antibody (D-8): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin