TREM-2b Activators
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2b (TREM-2b) is an intriguing protein that has captured the attention of researchers due to its role in the intricate dance of immune cell signaling. As a variant of the TREM-2 protein, TREM-2b functions as a part of the immune system's first line of defense, expressed primarily on the surface of microglia, the central nervous system's resident immune cells, as well as on macrophages, which serve as the body's all-purpose pathogen devourers. The expression of TREM-2b is a critical factor in the complex interplay of cellular processes that govern the immune response. Various compounds have been identified that could potentially modulate the expression of TREM-2b, each acting through distinct molecular pathways that underscore the diverse mechanisms by which the immune system can be fine-tuned.
Several naturally occurring and synthetic compounds have been found to potentially influence the expression of TREM-2b. For instance, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3, a hormonally active form of vitamin D, is thought to upregulate TREM-2b expression by promoting the differentiation of monocytes into more specialized immune cells. Similarly, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the outer membrane of certain bacteria, may trigger the expression of TREM-2b through the activation of TLR4, a toll-like receptor that plays a key role in the immune system's response to pathogens. Other compounds like rosiglitazone, a PPAR-gamma agonist, are believed to promote TREM-2b expression by modulating anti-inflammatory pathways within immune cells. Additionally, the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) might influence the expression of TREM-2b by altering cellular membrane composition, which in turn affects signaling pathways that regulate immune function. These examples highlight the breadth of potential activators of TREM-2b, each participating in a web of signaling that finely orchestrates the immune landscape.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 | 32222-06-3 | sc-202877B sc-202877A sc-202877C sc-202877D sc-202877 | 50 µg 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 100 µg | $220.00 $645.00 $1000.00 $1500.00 $440.00 | 32 | |
This hormonally active form of Vitamin D may upregulate TREM-2b expression by promoting the differentiation of monocytes into dendritic cells and macrophages, which are key players in the immune response and could express higher levels of TREM-2b. | ||||||
Lipopolysaccharide, E. coli O55:B5 | 93572-42-0 | sc-221855 sc-221855A sc-221855B sc-221855C | 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg | $98.00 $171.00 $425.00 $1560.00 | 12 | |
LPS, as a bacterial endotoxin, could induce TREM-2b expression by triggering the TLR4 signaling pathway in microglia and other myeloid cells, leading to an inflammatory response that includes the upregulation of genes involved in immunity. | ||||||
Rosiglitazone | 122320-73-4 | sc-202795 sc-202795A sc-202795C sc-202795D sc-202795B | 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 5 g | $120.00 $326.00 $634.00 $947.00 $1259.00 | 38 | |
As a PPAR-gamma agonist, Rosiglitazone may stimulate TREM-2b expression by promoting anti-inflammatory signals within microglia, leading to an adaptive response in the immune system by enhancing the expression of specific receptors like TREM-2b. | ||||||
PGE2 | 363-24-6 | sc-201225 sc-201225C sc-201225A sc-201225B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg | $57.00 $159.00 $275.00 $678.00 | 37 | |
PGE2 can prompt an increase in TREM-2b expression through its interaction with prostaglandin receptors on myeloid cells, as part of the dynamic balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals in the immune system. | ||||||
Eicosa-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-pentaenoic Acid (20:5, n-3) | 10417-94-4 | sc-200766 sc-200766A | 100 mg 1 g | $104.00 $431.00 | ||
EPA, an omega-3 fatty acid, could induce TREM-2b expression by incorporating into cell membranes, potentially altering the composition of lipid rafts, and thereby affecting signaling pathways in microglia that lead to increased expression of immune receptors like TREM-2b. | ||||||
D,L-Sulforaphane | 4478-93-7 | sc-207495A sc-207495B sc-207495C sc-207495 sc-207495E sc-207495D | 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 1 g 10 g 250 mg | $153.00 $292.00 $489.00 $1325.00 $8465.00 $933.00 | 22 | |
DL-Sulforaphane could induce the expression of TREM-2b by activating Nrf2, a transcription factor that upregulates antioxidant response elements and may interact with pathways regulating the expression of immune receptors. | ||||||
Quercetin | 117-39-5 | sc-206089 sc-206089A sc-206089E sc-206089C sc-206089D sc-206089B | 100 mg 500 mg 100 g 250 g 1 kg 25 g | $11.00 $17.00 $110.00 $250.00 $936.00 $50.00 | 33 | |
Quercetin may stimulate TREM-2b expression by its antioxidant action, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines, and activating sirtuins, which could influence the regulation of immune receptors in microglial cells. | ||||||
Retinoic Acid, all trans | 302-79-4 | sc-200898 sc-200898A sc-200898B sc-200898C | 500 mg 5 g 10 g 100 g | $66.00 $325.00 $587.00 $1018.00 | 28 | |
Retinoic acid could upregulate TREM-2b expression as part of its role in immune modulation, including enhancing macrophage function and potentially influencing gene expression in myeloid cells. | ||||||
Glycyrrhizic acid | 1405-86-3 | sc-279186 sc-279186A | 1 g 25 g | $57.00 $333.00 | 7 | |
This licorice root constituent may upregulate TREM-2b by modulating inflammatory signals in the brain's immune cells, potentially involving the dampening of high-mobility group box 1 protein activity and altering the expression of immune receptors. | ||||||
Fingolimod | 162359-55-9 | sc-507334 | 10 mg | $160.00 | ||
Fingolimod, an sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator, could increase the expression of TREM-2b in myeloid cells by altering lymphocyte distribution and potentially affecting the cross-talk between neurons and immune cells in the central nervous system. | ||||||