Rad23A Activators

Rad23A Activators are chemical compounds that directly or indirectly stimulate the functional activity of Rad23A, which is a key player in the proteasome pathway. Rad23A acts as a shuttle protein, participating in the delivery ofubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome for degradation. This set of compounds primarily consists of proteasome inhibitors, which act by impeding the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. By inhibiting the proteasome, these compounds effectively increase the workload for Rad23A, amplifying its protein delivery function and thus enhancing its activity. Examples of these compounds include MG-132, Lactacystin, and Bortezomib, all of which are potent proteasome inhibitors that can lead to an accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, necessitating a greater involvement of Rad23A in protein trafficking.

The proteasome inhibitors that act as Rad23A activators are structurally diverse, ranging from peptide aldehydes (MG-132) to β-lactones (Lactacystin) and boronic acids (Bortezomib). Despite their structural differences, these compounds share a common mechanism of action: they inhibit the proteolytic activities of the proteasome, leading to an accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. This accumulation enhances the role of Rad23A in protein delivery to the proteasome. Other proteasome inhibitors such as Carfilzomib, Marizomib, and Ixazomib follow a similar mechanism of action. They block the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins, thereby indirectly enhancing the functional activity of Rad23A. The collective action of these Rad23A activators underscores the importance of the proteasome pathway and Rad23A's role within it, offering valuable insights into the cellular processes of protein degradation and recycling.