MRS2L Activators

The first category of MRS2L activators includes molecules that modulate cAMP levels or PKA activity, such as Forskolin and 8-Br-cAMP. By increasing cAMP levels or directly affecting PKA, these compounds can have an indirect effect on MRS2L, particularly through phosphorylation events that could modulate its activity or expression. For example, Forskolin's role in elevating cAMP levels leads to PKA activation, which can phosphorylate various substrates that in turn affect ion channels like MRS2L. 8-Br-cAMP serves as a cell-permeable analog of cAMP and can similarly activate PKA, affecting the same pathway.

Another class focuses on calcium-dependent signaling. Compounds like Ionomycin and Thapsigargin elevate intracellular calcium levels, thereby influencing MRS2L through calcium-dependent mechanisms. Specifically, Ionomycin works by forming complexes with calcium ions, effectively shuttling them across biological membranes, which can alter calcium-dependent signaling affecting MRS2L. Thapsigargin inhibits the ER Ca2+ ATPase, thus raising intracellular Ca2+ levels, which may also indirectly affect MRS2L.