CEP68 Activators
CEP68 Activators represent a diverse chemical class, each with unique mechanisms to enhance the functional activity of the CEP68 protein, a critical player in microtubule organization and stability. Compounds such as Forskolin and Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) indirectly promote CEP68 activity by elevating intracellular cAMP and activating the MAPK/ERK pathway, respectively. Forskolin achieves this by stimulating adenylyl cyclase, consequently raising cAMP levels to activate EPAC, a downstream effector that can modulate microtubule dynamics. EGF, through its receptor, initiates a cascade that ultimately influences proteins like stathmin, which maintains microtubule integrity, thereby indirectly enhancing CEP68's role in the cell. Similarly, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Estrogen, through the activation of PKC and PI3K/Akt pathways, respectively, lead to phosphorylation events and cellular processes that may bolster CEP68's association with microtubules, thus promoting its function in cytoskeletal organization.
Other activators, at specific concentrations, exert their effects by directly interacting with microtubules to modulate their stability. Taxol, for instance, stabilizes microtubules to prevent their disassembly, which can amplify CEP68's role during cell division. The inhibition of protein phosphatases by compounds such as Calyculin A and Okadaic Acid also contributes to the enhanced functionality of CEP68 by increasing the phosphorylation state of associated proteins, thereby influencing the microtubule network's dynamics. Lithium Chloride, through GSK-3 inhibition, further demonstrates the indirect means through which chemical activators can support the functional activity of CEP68 in microtubule dynamics and cell cycle progression.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin is a diterpene that directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in the cell. Elevated cAMP levels can enhance the activity of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC), which in turn can influence microtubule dynamics and thus potentially increase CEP68 function in microtubule organization. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC has been implicated in the regulation of numerous proteins involved in the cell cycle and cytoskeletal organization. PKC activation could enhance CEP68 activity by promoting phosphorylation events that increase its stability or interaction with other microtubule-associated proteins. | ||||||
β-Estradiol | 50-28-2 | sc-204431 sc-204431A | 500 mg 5 g | $62.00 $178.00 | 8 | |
Estrogen binding to its receptor leads to the activation of multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt. The PI3K/Akt pathway is known to affect cellular processes like growth and proliferation, which are closely tied to microtubule dynamics. Through these processes, estrogen could indirectly enhance the activity of CEP68. | ||||||
Lithium | 7439-93-2 | sc-252954 | 50 g | $214.00 | ||
Lithium Chloride inhibits glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3). Inhibition of GSK-3 can stabilize microtubules and may therefore enhance CEP68 activity by promoting its association with more stable microtubule structures. | ||||||
Taxol | 33069-62-4 | sc-201439D sc-201439 sc-201439A sc-201439E sc-201439B sc-201439C | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg 250 mg 1 g | $40.00 $73.00 $217.00 $242.00 $724.00 $1196.00 | 39 | |
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy agent that stabilizes microtubules and prevents their disassembly. By stabilizing microtubules, paclitaxel could enhance the role of CEP68 in organizing these structures during cell division. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A | 10 µg 100 µg | $160.00 $750.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, leading to increased phosphorylation levels of cellular proteins. Phosphorylation of proteins involved in microtubule dynamics could indirectly increase CEP68 activity by affecting its interaction with phosphorylated microtubule-associated proteins. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Similar to Calyculin A, Okadaic Acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases. This inhibition can lead to hyperphosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins and thus could indirectly enhance the activity of CEP68 by modulating the microtubule network. | ||||||