CA VII Inhibitors

Carbonic anhydrase VII (CA VII) belongs to the broader family of carbonic anhydrase enzymes, central to numerous physiological processes through their ability to swiftly convert carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons. The inhibition of CA VII, like other CA isozymes, primarily relies on compounds bearing the sulfonamide functionality. This class of inhibitors, such as Acetazolamide and Methazolamide, effectively binds to the zinc ion in the enzyme's active site, a crucial region for its catalytic action. The interaction between the sulfonamide group and the zinc ion obstructs the enzyme's capacity to hydrate carbon dioxide, thus inhibiting its function.

Several compounds, beyond classic sulfonamides, can influence CA VII's activity. Topiramate, for instance, although known for other pharmacological actions, carries a sulfonamide group that confers it inhibitory potential against CA VII. Similarly, Celecoxib, primarily a COX-2 inhibitor, exhibits CA VII inhibitory effects, underscoring the versatility of sulfonamide-bearing molecules. Interestingly, even saccharin, an artificial sweetener, can interfere with CA VII due to its structural attributes, highlighting the diverse chemical space from which CA VII inhibitors can emerge.