AK1 Activators
AK1 Activators are an array of chemical compounds that bolster the activity of AK1 through distinct cellular and biochemical mechanisms. Adenosine, by raising cellular ATP concentrations, indirectly promotes the conversion of AMP to ADP by AK1, utilizing the increased availability of the energy currency to indirectly enhance its activity. Similarly, Dipyridamole, through its inhibition of phosphodiesterase, leads to elevated cAMP levels, which can create a favorable environment for AK1 activity due to enhanced energy balance within the cell. The glycolytic intermediate, Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, acts as an allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase, increasing the flux through glycolysis and thereby potentially raising the levels of AMP, AK1's substrate, thus indirectly boosting AK1's function.
Furthermore, NAD+ and insulin can modulate the cellular redox state and the PI3K/Akt pathway, respectively, to create conditions that favor AK1's role in adenosine salvage. AICAR and A-769662 both activate AMPK, which can mimic or increase AMP concentrations, leading to an indirect enhancement of AK1 activity. Fenofibrate and Levocarnitine, by enhancing fatty acid metabolism, and Metformin, through AMPK activation, all contribute to an increased AMP/ATP ratio, which iscrucial for AK1's function. Berberine also activates AMPK, further elevating AMP levels and promoting AK1 activity. Lastly, Coenzyme Q10's involvement in the electron transport chain indirectly influences AK1 by affecting the cellular energy state and potentially increasing AMP, thus enhancing AK1's catalytic action. Collectively, these AK1 activators operate through various pathways that converge on the modulation of cellular energy states and substrate availability, thereby facilitating the enhancement of AK1's role in energy homeostasis without the necessity for upregulating its expression or direct activation.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adenosine | 58-61-7 | sc-291838 sc-291838A sc-291838B sc-291838C sc-291838D sc-291838E sc-291838F | 1 g 5 g 100 g 250 g 1 kg 5 kg 10 kg | $33.00 $47.00 $294.00 $561.00 $1020.00 $2550.00 $4590.00 | 1 | |
Adenosine indirectly enhances AK1 activity by increasing cellular ATP levels. AK1 catalyzes the conversion of AMP to ADP, and elevated ATP levels can shift the equilibrium toward ADP and AMP, thus potentially increasing AK1 activity. | ||||||
Dipyridamole | 58-32-2 | sc-200717 sc-200717A | 1 g 5 g | $30.00 $100.00 | 1 | |
Dipyridamole inhibits phosphodiesterase, leading to increased cAMP levels, which can have enhancing effects on AK1 by modulating the energy balance within the cell and promoting the cellular conditions that favor AK1's activity in ATP maintenance. | ||||||
D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate sodium salt | 488-69-7 | sc-484714 | 50 g | $298.00 | ||
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is an allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase, which increases glycolytic flux, thereby potentially increasing the substrate availability (AMP) for AK1 and enhancing its activity. | ||||||
NAD+, Free Acid | 53-84-9 | sc-208084B sc-208084 sc-208084A sc-208084C sc-208084D sc-208084E sc-208084F | 1 g 5 g 10 g 25 g 100 g 1 kg 5 kg | $56.00 $186.00 $296.00 $655.00 $2550.00 $3500.00 $10500.00 | 4 | |
NAD+ is a coenzyme in redox reactions that can influence the cellular redox state. A favorable redox state can indirectly increase AK1 catalytic activity as AK1 is involved in maintaining the cellular energy charge. | ||||||
Insulin | 11061-68-0 | sc-29062 sc-29062A sc-29062B | 100 mg 1 g 10 g | $153.00 $1224.00 $12239.00 | 82 | |
Insulin activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which can indirectly lead to increased glucose uptake and glycolysis, thereby increasing the production of AMP, which is the substrate for AK1, subsequently enhancing its activity. | ||||||
AICAR | 2627-69-2 | sc-200659 sc-200659A sc-200659B | 50 mg 250 mg 1 g | $60.00 $270.00 $350.00 | 48 | |
AICAR is an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and can mimic AMP in the cell, potentially enhancing AK1 activity due to increased AMP or AMPK-related signaling. | ||||||
A-769662 | 844499-71-4 | sc-203790 sc-203790A sc-203790B sc-203790C sc-203790D | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g | $180.00 $726.00 $1055.00 $3350.00 $5200.00 | 23 | |
A-769662 is a direct AMPK activator which can lead to cellular effects similar to those caused by AMP, potentially enhancing AK1 activity by altering energy balance and AMP levels. | ||||||
Fenofibrate | 49562-28-9 | sc-204751 | 5 g | $40.00 | 9 | |
Fenofibrate activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), which can enhance fatty acid oxidation, leading to an increased AMP/ATP ratio and potentially enhancing AK1 activity. | ||||||
L-Carnitine | 541-15-1 | sc-205727 sc-205727A sc-205727B sc-205727C | 1 g 5 g 100 g 250 g | $23.00 $33.00 $77.00 $175.00 | 3 | |
Levocarnitine facilitates the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for beta-oxidation, leading to an increased AMP/ATP ratio in the cell, which could indirectly enhance AK1 activity. | ||||||
Berberine | 2086-83-1 | sc-507337 | 250 mg | $90.00 | 1 | |
Berberine activates AMPK and can lead to increased AMP levels, which could subsequently enhance the activity of AK1 by increasing its substrate availability. | ||||||