PBS (endotoxin-free)

Endotoxin-free phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is a vital reagent used in various biological and biochemical research applications, particularly those sensitive to endotoxin contamination. PBS is a buffer solution commonly used in cell culture, molecular biology, and immunological assays due to its ability to maintain physiological pH and osmolarity. Endotoxins, also known as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), are components of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and can adversely affect experimental results, especially in assays involving cell culture, protein purification, and molecular biology techniques. Endotoxin-free PBS undergoes a rigorous purification process to remove impurities, including endotoxins, ensuring high-quality buffer solution suitable for use in sensitive research applications. This purification process typically involves filtration and treatment with agents that neutralize or remove endotoxins. Endotoxin-free PBS is commonly used in cell culture experiments, where even low levels of endotoxin contamination can induce cellular responses and affect experimental outcomes. By using endotoxin-free PBS, researchers can minimize the risk of unintended cellular responses and ensure the reliability and reproducibility of their results. Moreover, endotoxin-free PBS is essential for various biochemical assays, immunological experiments, and protein purification procedures where the presence of endotoxins can interfere with experimental outcomes.