Date published: 2026-4-20

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Homarine (CAS 445-30-7)

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Alternate Names:
2-Carboxy-1-methylpyridinium Inner Salt; 2-Pyridinecarboxylic Acid N-Methylbetaine; 2-Pyridinecarboxylic Acid Methoinner Salt
CAS Number:
445-30-7
Purity:
≥95%
Molecular Weight:
137.14
Molecular Formula:
C7H7NO2
For Research Use Only. Not Intended for Diagnostic or Therapeutic Use.
* Refer to Certificate of Analysis for lot specific data.

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Homarine plays a critical role in osmoregulation. This molecule helps cells manage changes in external osmolarity by adjusting the internal concentrations of various solutes, thereby stabilizing cellular functions under stress. It contributes to the maintenance of cell volume and the prevention of cellular dehydration. By acting as an osmoprotectant, homarine supports the integrity of cellular structures and enzymatic activities under varying osmotic pressures. In research, it is used to study the cellular pathways involved in osmoregulation and the effects of osmotic stress on cell viability and function. Understanding how homarine functions can provide insights into the general mechanisms of stress responses in cells, particularly in osmotically challenging environments. Its role is also explored in the context of neuronal protection, where osmolytes like homarine might help in preserving neuronal function against osmotic and oxidative stresses.


Homarine (CAS 445-30-7) References

  1. Experiments in marine biochemistry. Homarine metabolism in Penaeus duorarum.  |  Hall, ER. and Gurin, S. 1975. J Biol Chem. 250: 6943-6. PMID: 1158889
  2. Homarine, a common metabolite in edible Mediterranean molluscs: occurrence, spectral data and revision of a related structure.  |  Polychronopoulos, P., et al. 2001. Nat Prod Lett. 15: 411-8. PMID: 11838979
  3. The occurrence of homarine, trigonelline and an new anemonine base in the Anthozoan Anemonia sulcata.  |  ACKERMANN, D. 1953. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 295: 1-9. PMID: 13128691
  4. The distribution 5-hydroxytryptamine, tetramethyammonium, homarine, and other substances in sea anemones.  |  MATHIAS, AP., et al. 1960. J Physiol. 151: 296-311. PMID: 14422292
  5. Homarine as a feeding deterrent in common shallow-water antarctic lamellarian gastropodMarseniopsis mollis: A rare example of chemical defense in a marine prosobranch.  |  McClintock, JB., et al. 1994. J Chem Ecol. 20: 2539-49. PMID: 24241830
  6. Antifouling agents against the benthic marine diatom,Navicula salinicola Homarine from the gorgoniansLeptogorgia virgulata andL. setacea and analogs.  |  Targett, NM., et al. 1983. J Chem Ecol. 9: 817-29. PMID: 24407755
  7. Hard coral (Porites lobata) extracts and homarine on cytochrome P450 expression in Hawaiian butterflyfishes with different feeding strategies.  |  Maldonado, A., et al. 2016. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 179: 57-63. PMID: 26297807
  8. Indole Alkaloids from the Sea Anemone Heteractis aurora and Homarine from Octopus cyanea.  |  Shaker, KH., et al. 2015. Chem Biodivers. 12: 1746-55. PMID: 26567952
  9. Is homarine a morphogen in the marine hydroid Hydractinia?  |  Berking, S. 1986. Rouxs Arch Dev Biol. 195: 33-38. PMID: 28305275
  10. Homarine Alkyl Ester Derivatives as Promising Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.  |  João, KG., et al. 2021. ChemMedChem. 16: 3315-3325. PMID: 34342141
  11. Homarine (N-methylpicolinic acid) and trigonelline (N-methylnicotinic acid) appear to be involved in pattern control in a marine hydroid.  |  Berking, S. 1987. Development. 99: 211-20. PMID: 3652996
  12. Biosynthesis and physiological role of homarine in marine shrimp.  |  Netherton, JC. and Gurin, S. 1982. J Biol Chem. 257: 11971-5. PMID: 7118923
  13. Biosynthesis in vitro of homarine and pyridine carboxylic acids in marine shrimp.  |  Netherton, JC. and Gurin, S. 1980. J Biol Chem. 255: 9549-51. PMID: 7430086
  14. Finding of a homarine-synthesizing enzyme in turban shell and some properties of the enzyme.  |  Nishitani, H., et al. 1995. Arch Biochem Biophys. 322: 327-32. PMID: 7574704

Ordering Information

Product NameCatalog #UNITPriceQtyFAVORITES

Homarine, 50 mg

sc-470671
50 mg
$468.00