Daunorubicin-13C,d3 (CAS 20830-81-3 (unlabeled))

Daunorubicin-13C,d3, registered under CAS number 20830-81-3, is a labeled analog of daunorubicin, where specific atoms in the daunorubicin molecule are replaced with the carbon-13 (^13C) isotope and deuterium (^3H, or D). This isotopic labeling is crucial for research purposes, particularly in the study of metabolic pathways and drug distribution within biological systems using mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The primary mechanism of action of daunorubicin involves intercalation into DNA strands and inhibition of the enzyme topoisomerase II, which is essential for DNA replication and repair. This action results in the disruption of DNA synthesis and function, leading to the cessation of cell proliferation. In research, Daunorubicin-13C,d3 is used to trace the metabolic fate of daunorubicin in experimental settings, allowing scientists to observe how the drug is metabolized, distributed, and excreted in biological systems. Additionally, this labeled compound aids in the study of the pharmacokinetic properties of daunorubicin, providing detailed insights into its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics. Such studies are pivotal for understanding the behavior of the drug at molecular and cellular levels, enhancing our knowledge of its mechanisms and potentially guiding the optimization of related compounds for more effective applications.