GDPD4 inhibitors include a variety of compounds that, by intervening in different aspects of cellular metabolism, can indirectly modulate GDPD4 activity. These compounds do not directly target GDPD4, but they exert their influence by altering the lipid environment in which GDPD4 operates or by modifying signaling pathways that may affect its function. For example, miltefosine and perhexiline can alter lipid composition, which can affect membrane association and substrate accessibility for GDPD4, thereby affecting its enzymatic activity.
Other compounds on the list, such as manumycin A and genistein, affect protein prenylation and tyrosine kinase activity, respectively. These processes are essential for the proper localization and function of several proteins involved in lipid metabolism, including GDPD4. In addition, inhibitors such as D609 and U73122 target specific phospholipases that are directly involved in the generation of substrates for GDPD4, suggesting that these inhibitors may alter the pool of available substrates for GDPD4. Compounds such as Etomoxir and Triacsin C modify fatty acid metabolism, which is closely related to the lipid signaling pathways of which GDPD4 is a part. Finally, GW4869 and Imipramine affect sphingolipid metabolism, which may have downstream effects on GDPD4 activity because of the interconnected nature of lipid metabolic pathways.
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