The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
Cas9n Nickase gRNA Plasmid Targeting: Dual gRNA plasmids create single-strand nicks at precise DNA sequences for efficient genome editing using Cas9n Nickase.
This image illustrates the Cas9n Nickase mechanism used for precise genome editing. Two plasmids (Plasmid 1 and Plasmid 2) are shown, each containing a targeted DNA sequence. The system utilizes single-guide RNAs (sgRNA) to direct Cas9n Nickase to specific genomic locations, represented by the blue and pink DNA strands. The sgRNA scaffold aids in guiding Cas9n to the 20 nucleotide (nt) target sequence on the DNA. Cas9n makes single-strand cuts at NCC and NGG sites, enabling precise gene modifications without creating double-strand breaks.
The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
人类 HK2 基因编码己糖激酶 II(HXK II),这是一种与线粒体相关的酶,催化葡萄糖在 ATP 依赖下磷酸化生成葡萄糖-6-磷酸,从而将葡萄糖“承诺”导入糖酵解以及磷酸戊糖途径。HXK II 通过与线粒体外膜上的电压依赖性阴离子通道(VDAC)偶联,帮助细胞在不同营养与氧供应条件下协调生物能量代谢、氧化还原稳态和代谢通量。HK2 常在代谢重编程背景下被研究,因为糖酵解调控的改变会影响细胞增殖、应激反应以及对缺氧的适应。HK2/HXK II 的活性与表达失调已在多种与疾病相关的模型中被指出,包括肿瘤代谢与胰岛素抵抗状态,因此它也是研究葡萄糖处理机制时常见的靶点。
HXK II 双切酶质粒(h)由一对匹配的质粒组成,专为在 human 细胞系中对 HK2 位点进行高特异性编辑而设计。每个质粒分别表达Cas9 D10A切口酶和针对HK2内不同DNA链的独特sgRNA。当这两种切口酶被引导至相邻但位于DNA链相反侧的位点时,会产生错位的单链切口,从而共同形成错位双链断裂,这需要两个引导RNA在靶位点上协同发挥作用。由此产生的DNA断裂通过内源性细胞修复途径(最常见的是非同源末端连接(NHEJ))得到修复,从而导致插入或缺失,进而破坏HK2的功能。通过要求双sgRNA在靶位点结合,双切口方法提高了编辑特异性,并为需要对靶向精度进行额外控制的应用提供了互补的CRISPR策略。