The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
Cas9n Nickase gRNA Plasmid Targeting: Dual gRNA plasmids create single-strand nicks at precise DNA sequences for efficient genome editing using Cas9n Nickase.
This image illustrates the Cas9n Nickase mechanism used for precise genome editing. Two plasmids (Plasmid 1 and Plasmid 2) are shown, each containing a targeted DNA sequence. The system utilizes single-guide RNAs (sgRNA) to direct Cas9n Nickase to specific genomic locations, represented by the blue and pink DNA strands. The sgRNA scaffold aids in guiding Cas9n to the 20 nucleotide (nt) target sequence on the DNA. Cas9n makes single-strand cuts at NCC and NGG sites, enabling precise gene modifications without creating double-strand breaks.
The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
人类 AR 基因编码雄激素受体(androgen receptor,AR),这是一种配体激活的核激素受体,可作为转录因子调控参与分化、增殖和代谢稳态的基因程序。与雄激素结合后,AR 转位进入细胞核并结合雄激素反应元件,同时与染色质重塑因子和共调节因子协同作用,从而塑造依赖具体细胞/组织环境的基因表达。AR 信号与 PI3K/AKT、MAPK 以及 DNA 损伤应答网络相互交叉,影响细胞周期控制与应激适应。AR 活性失调及受体变体的改变与雄激素依赖性表型相关,并在前列腺癌生物学及内分泌相关疾病中受到广泛研究。
Androgen Receptor 双切酶质粒(h)由一对匹配的质粒组成,专为在 human 细胞系中对 AR 位点进行高特异性编辑而设计。每个质粒分别表达Cas9 D10A切口酶和针对AR内不同DNA链的独特sgRNA。当这两种切口酶被引导至相邻但位于DNA链相反侧的位点时,会产生错位的单链切口,从而共同形成错位双链断裂,这需要两个引导RNA在靶位点上协同发挥作用。由此产生的DNA断裂通过内源性细胞修复途径(最常见的是非同源末端连接(NHEJ))得到修复,从而导致插入或缺失,进而破坏AR的功能。通过要求双sgRNA在靶位点结合,双切口方法提高了编辑特异性,并为需要对靶向精度进行额外控制的应用提供了互补的CRISPR策略。