V1RI4 Activators
Chemical activators of V1RI4 include a variety of compounds that can initiate intracellular signaling cascades resulting in the protein's activation. Calcium Chloride and Ionomycin, for example, function by increasing intracellular calcium levels, which is a common second messenger in cellular signaling. This elevation in calcium, in turn, activates calcium-dependent pathways that V1RI4 is part of. The increase in intracellular calcium can originate from extracellular sources, as in the case of Calcium Chloride, or by mobilizing intracellular stores through the action of ionophores like Ionomycin. Forskolin, on the other hand, bypasses the calcium signaling and directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, thus increasing cAMP levels within cells. Elevated cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which can then phosphorylate target proteins such as V1RI4, leading to its activation. Similarly, Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate (PMA) activates protein kinase C (PKC), another kinase that can directly phosphorylate and activate V1RI4.
Neurotransmitters such as Acetylcholine, Histamine, Serotonin, and Nicotine also play roles in the activation of V1RI4. These chemicals bind to their respective receptors and can cause an increase in intracellular calcium or cAMP, thereby activating V1RI4. Acetylcholine and Nicotine work through nicotinic receptors influencing calcium influx, while Histamine and Serotonin can also trigger cAMP production. Glutamate and its agonist, Kainic Acid, activate their receptors which are directly linked to calcium channels, leading to an immediate influx of calcium ions and subsequent activation of V1RI4. Sodium Fluoride acts further upstream by activating G-proteins, which then trigger secondary messenger pathways resulting in the activation of V1RI4. Lastly, Capsaicin targets the TRPV1 receptor, causing a cellular influx of calcium ions, and thereby enabling calcium-dependent activation of V1RI4. Each of these chemicals, through their respective mechanisms, ensures the activation of V1RI4 by modulating intracellular signaling pathways involving either calcium ions or cAMP.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium chloride anhydrous | 10043-52-4 | sc-207392 sc-207392A | 100 g 500 g | $65.00 $262.00 | 1 | |
Calcium Chloride activates V1RI4 through increasing intracellular calcium levels which can trigger signaling pathways that V1RI4 is a part of, leading to its activation. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin functions as a calcium ionophore, selectively transporting calcium ions across cellular membranes, thereby elevating intracellular calcium concentrations and activating calcium-dependent pathways involving V1RI4. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylyl cyclase, which increases intracellular cAMP levels. Elevated cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which can phosphorylate V1RI4, resulting in activation of the protein. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate (PMA) activates protein kinase C (PKC), which can phosphorylate and activate V1RI4 as part of downstream signaling. | ||||||
Histamine, free base | 51-45-6 | sc-204000 sc-204000A sc-204000B | 1 g 5 g 25 g | $92.00 $277.00 $969.00 | 7 | |
Histamine binds to its receptors, triggering a cascade that increases intracellular calcium and potentially cAMP, leading to the activation of downstream proteins including V1RI4. | ||||||
Serotonin hydrochloride | 153-98-0 | sc-201146 sc-201146A | 100 mg 1 g | $116.00 $183.00 | 15 | |
Serotonin engages its receptors which can lead to increased intracellular calcium levels or cAMP; both of these molecules are involved in signaling pathways that lead to V1RI4 activation. | ||||||
L-Glutamic Acid | 56-86-0 | sc-394004 sc-394004A | 10 g 100 g | $291.00 $566.00 | ||
Glutamate binds to its receptors, inducing calcium influx through the receptor channels and activating downstream calcium-dependent proteins such as V1RI4. | ||||||
Kainic acid | 487-79-6 | sc-200454 sc-200454A sc-200454B sc-200454C sc-200454D | 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg 1 g 5 g | $85.00 $370.00 $1350.00 $7650.00 $24480.00 | 12 | |
Kainic Acid, as an agonist for glutamate receptors, induces calcium influx leading to the activation of calcium-dependent signaling pathways and potentially V1RI4 activation. | ||||||
Sodium Fluoride | 7681-49-4 | sc-24988A sc-24988 sc-24988B | 5 g 100 g 500 g | $39.00 $45.00 $98.00 | 26 | |
Sodium Fluoride activates G-proteins which initiate a sequence of events involving secondary messengers that can lead to the activation of V1RI4. | ||||||
Capsaicin | 404-86-4 | sc-3577 sc-3577C sc-3577D sc-3577A | 50 mg 250 mg 500 mg 1 g | $94.00 $173.00 $255.00 $423.00 | 26 | |
Capsaicin binds to the TRPV1 receptor, causing calcium ions to enter the cell. The resulting increase in intracellular calcium concentration can activate calcium-dependent proteins including V1RI4. | ||||||