UGP2 Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of Uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2 (UGP2) employ various biochemical mechanisms to impede its function in glycogen biosynthesis. Alloxan, for instance, induces oxidative stress, which can lead to the oxidative modification of UGP2, thus impairing its activity. The glucose analog, 2-Deoxy-D-glucose, competes with glucose and can obstruct the glycolytic pathway, reducing the availability of substrates necessary for UGP2 to function effectively. N-ethylmaleimide and iodoacetamide target the enzyme's cysteine residues, which are pivotal for its catalytic action. These compounds alkylate or modify the thiol groups, leading to the inhibition of the enzyme's activity.
Further, compounds such as 1,4-Dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol mimic the structure of glucose or glucose-1-phosphate, which allows them to bind to the active site of UGP2 and block its function. Fumonisin B1 disrupts sphingolipid metabolism, which can affect membrane dynamics and potentially disturb UGP2's activity. Castanospermine, a glucosidase inhibitor, can lead to the build-up of glycogen precursors, which may cause feedback inhibition of UGP2. Genistein can inhibit tyrosine kinases that are involved in the phosphorylation of proteins that interact with or regulate UGP2. Sodium orthovanadate acts as a phosphatase inhibitor, preventing the removal of phosphate groups from proteins, which could affect UGP2's function. Lastly, quercetin and staurosporine inhibit various kinases, which could lead to the reduced phosphorylation and consequent inactivation of UGP2, thereby inhibiting its role in the conversion of glucose to UDP-glucose for glycogen synthesis.
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alloxan monohydrate | 2244-11-3 | sc-254940 | 10 g | $54.00 | ||
Alloxan induces oxidative stress in cells by generating reactive oxygen species. Since UGP2 is involved in glycogen biosynthesis, the oxidative damage can impair the enzymatic activity of UGP2 by modifying its structure or the cellular environment necessary for its function. | ||||||
2-Deoxy-D-glucose | 154-17-6 | sc-202010 sc-202010A | 1 g 5 g | $70.00 $215.00 | 26 | |
2-Deoxy-D-glucose is a glucose analog and inhibits glycolysis by getting incorporated into the pathways and jamming them. UGP2, being involved in converting glucose to UDP-glucose for glycogen synthesis, would be hindered as the supply of glucose or glucose-1-phosphate would be depleted, or the analog may interfere with UGP2's substrate recognition. | ||||||
N-Ethylmaleimide | 128-53-0 | sc-202719A sc-202719 sc-202719B sc-202719C sc-202719D | 1 g 5 g 25 g 100 g 250 g | $22.00 $69.00 $214.00 $796.00 $1918.00 | 19 | |
N-ethylmaleimide reacts with thiol groups in enzymes, inhibiting their function. UGP2 relies on the integrity of its cysteine residues for catalytic activity. The modification of these residues can lead to a loss of UGP2 activity. | ||||||
α-Iodoacetamide | 144-48-9 | sc-203320 | 25 g | $255.00 | 1 | |
Iodoacetamide alkylates cysteine residues in proteins, leading to enzyme inhibition. UGP2, which has cysteine residues crucial for its enzymatic action, would be functionally inhibited due to the alkylation, disrupting its normal catalytic mechanism. | ||||||
Fumonisin B1 | 116355-83-0 | sc-201395 sc-201395A | 1 mg 5 mg | $200.00 $680.00 | 18 | |
Fumonisin B1 disrupts sphingolipid metabolism, which is crucial for proper membrane structure and function. The altered membrane dynamics and signaling can negatively affect UGP2, which requires a properly functioning membrane environment for its activity related to glycogen biosynthesis. | ||||||
Castanospermine | 79831-76-8 | sc-201358 sc-201358A | 100 mg 500 mg | $184.00 $632.00 | 10 | |
Castanospermine is a glucosidase inhibitor, which would lead to the accumulation of intermediates or improperly processed glycogen precursors. This could inhibit UGP2 by causing feedback inhibition or by disrupting the cellular environment necessary for UGP2's activity. | ||||||
Genistein | 446-72-0 | sc-3515 sc-3515A sc-3515B sc-3515C sc-3515D sc-3515E sc-3515F | 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 5 g 10 g 25 g 100 g | $45.00 $164.00 $200.00 $402.00 $575.00 $981.00 $2031.00 | 46 | |
Genistein is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and while not directly inhibiting UGP2, it could alter the phosphorylation status of proteins that interact with or regulate UGP2, thereby inhibiting its function in glycogen biosynthesis. | ||||||
Sodium Orthovanadate | 13721-39-6 | sc-3540 sc-3540B sc-3540A | 5 g 10 g 50 g | $49.00 $57.00 $187.00 | 142 | |
Sodium orthovanadate is a phosphatase inhibitor and could prevent the dephosphorylation of UGP2 or its regulatory proteins, which may inhibit its activity. The correct phosphorylation balance is necessary for UGP2's role in glycogen biosynthesis. | ||||||
Quercetin | 117-39-5 | sc-206089 sc-206089A sc-206089E sc-206089C sc-206089D sc-206089B | 100 mg 500 mg 100 g 250 g 1 kg 25 g | $11.00 $17.00 $110.00 $250.00 $936.00 $50.00 | 33 | |
Quercetin is known to inhibit a wide range of kinases and could potentially inhibit a kinase that phosphorylates UGP2, thereby preventing its activation and subsequent function in glycogen biosynthesis. | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $153.00 $396.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a potent kinase inhibitor and could inhibit the activity of a kinase necessary for the activation or proper function of UGP2, thus leading to its functional inhibition in the process of glycogen biosynthesis. | ||||||