Popular Stains, Dyes and Fluorescent Probes

Fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate is a vibrant fluorescent dye known for its exceptional reactivity with amines, enabling the formation of stable conjugates. Its isothiocyanate group facilitates rapid labeling of biomolecules, enhancing visualization in various assays. The compound exhibits strong fluorescence under UV light, making it ideal for tracking molecular interactions. Its high quantum yield and photostability further contribute to its effectiveness as a fluorescent probe in research applications.

3,3′-Diaminobenzidine is a versatile chromogen known for its ability to undergo oxidation, resulting in a rich brown precipitate that is highly stable. This compound interacts with peroxidase enzymes, leading to a rapid color change that is useful in histological staining. Its unique electron-donating properties enhance its reactivity, making it an effective marker in various assays. Additionally, its solubility in organic solvents allows for diverse applications in imaging and detection techniques.

Mordant Black 11 is a synthetic dye renowned for its strong affinity to various substrates, enabling vivid coloration in textiles and biological samples. Its unique molecular structure facilitates complexation with metal ions, enhancing its stability and depth of color. The dye exhibits notable photostability, allowing for prolonged observation under light exposure. Additionally, its ability to form aggregates in solution can lead to distinct optical properties, making it a versatile choice for diverse staining applications.

Lucifer Yellow CH dilithium salt is a fluorescent probe renowned for its exceptional ability to label cellular structures with high specificity. Its unique molecular interactions, particularly with proteins and membranes, enable it to penetrate biological barriers effectively. The dye exhibits strong fluorescence under ultraviolet light, making it ideal for visualizing dynamic processes in live cells. Its rapid diffusion and low toxicity further enhance its utility in advanced imaging techniques, providing clear insights into cellular behavior.

Acridine Orange 10-nonyl bromide is a versatile fluorescent probe characterized by its ability to intercalate into nucleic acid structures, particularly RNA and DNA. This compound exhibits a unique dual-emission property, allowing it to differentiate between double-stranded and single-stranded nucleic acids based on their binding affinities. Its hydrophobic nonyl chain enhances membrane permeability, facilitating cellular uptake. The compound's fluorescence intensity is sensitive to environmental changes, making it an effective tool for studying dynamic biological processes.

Dihydroethidium is a fluorescent probe renowned for its selective reactivity with superoxide anions, leading to the formation of a highly fluorescent product. This transformation allows for the visualization of oxidative stress in live cells. Its unique mechanism involves intercalation into DNA, enhancing fluorescence upon oxidation, which provides insights into cellular redox states. The probe's rapid kinetics and specificity make it an essential tool for studying reactive oxygen species in various biological contexts.

Ru(bpy)2(mcbpy-O-Su-ester)(PF6)2 is a notable fluorescent probe characterized by its robust luminescent properties and unique electron transfer dynamics. The presence of the bipyridine ligands facilitates strong metal-to-ligand charge transfer, resulting in enhanced fluorescence. Its ability to form stable complexes with various analytes allows for selective detection, while its solubility in diverse solvents enables versatile applications in probing molecular interactions and environments.

9-(2-Carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)julolidine is a vibrant fluorescent probe known for its exceptional photostability and high quantum yield. Its unique structure allows for strong π-π stacking interactions, enhancing its light absorption properties. The carboxylic acid group facilitates hydrogen bonding, which can influence its solubility in various solvents. This compound's distinct electronic properties enable selective binding to specific targets, making it a powerful tool for imaging and sensing applications.

Orange G is a synthetic dye characterized by its vibrant hue and exceptional solubility in aqueous solutions, which enhances its utility in staining applications. Its unique molecular interactions allow for effective binding to proteins and other biomolecules, resulting in clear and distinct visualization. The dye exhibits strong fluorescence under UV light, making it a valuable tool for imaging and analysis. Additionally, its rapid diffusion properties enable quick penetration into various substrates, ensuring uniform staining.

Coelenterazine 400 a is a luminescent compound that exhibits remarkable properties as a fluorescent probe. Its unique structure allows for efficient energy transfer, resulting in intense light emission upon oxidation. This compound interacts specifically with luciferase enzymes, leading to rapid reaction kinetics and enhanced sensitivity in detection applications. Its high solubility and stability in various environments make it an excellent choice for probing biological processes, enabling precise visualization in research settings.