KV1.1 Inhibitors

KV1.1 potassium channel inhibitors encompass a diverse range of compounds, primarily found in animal venoms, notably those of scorpions and tarantulas. These inhibitors play a crucial role in modulating neuronal excitability by blocking the flow of potassium ions across cell membranes. The inhibition of KV1.1 channels has significant implications in neurological research, especially for conditions characterized by hyperexcitability of neurons.

Most inhibitors listed, such as Dendrotoxin, Tityustoxin, and Margatoxin, are peptides from venomous animals. These peptides exhibit a high affinity for KV1.1 channels, effectively blocking them and thus altering the electrical activity of neurons. Their mode of action primarily involves binding to the external vestibule of the channel, obstructing the passage of potassium ions. In addition to these naturally occurring peptides, synthetic and semi-synthetic compounds like Correolide represent a different class of KV1.1 inhibitors. These small molecules offer advantages in terms of stability and potential for modification, making them valuable tools for pharmacological research. The specificity of these inhibitors for KV1.1 over other potassium channels is a critical factor in their utility, as it allows for targeted modulation of neuronal activity without widespread effects on other potassium channels.