EAAT2 Activators

Common EAAT2 Activators include, but are not limited to Riluzole CAS 1744-22-5, N-Acetyl-L-cysteine CAS 616-91-1, β-Estradiol CAS 50-28-2, Retinoic Acid, all trans CAS 302-79-4 and D,L-Sulforaphane CAS 4478-93-7.

EAAT2 (Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2), also known as GLT-1 in rodents, is a critical glutamate transporter in the brain and is involved in clearing extracellular glutamate to stop excitotoxicity. Modulation of EAAT2 expression is important in conditions like neurodegenerative diseases. EAAT2 Activators belong to a class of compounds or molecules that interact with the Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 (EAAT2), also known as glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1). EAAT2 is a membrane protein primarily found in glial cells, particularly astrocytes, within the central nervous system (CNS). Its primary function is to regulate the concentration of the neurotransmitter glutamate in the synaptic cleft, a critical process in maintaining normal neurotransmission and stopping excessive glutamate buildup, which can be neurotoxic.

The activation of EAAT2 is a complex process involving the binding of specific ligands or modulators that can influence the transporter's activity. EAAT2 Activators, therefore, are compounds that can enhance the function of this transporter. By doing so, they may help in the removal of excess glutamate from the synaptic cleft, reducing the risk of excitotoxicity, a process where excessive glutamate leads to neuronal damage and cell death. Modulating EAAT2 activity is of great interest in the field of neurobiology and neuroscience as it plays a crucial role in conditions associated with glutamate dysregulation, such as neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and mood disorders. Understanding EAAT2 Activators can shed light on the intricate mechanisms involved in synaptic transmission and may hold implications for the development of interventions targeting glutamate homeostasis within the CNS.