CaM V Activators
Calmodulin variant V (CaM V) stands as a pivotal player in cellular signaling, functioning as a calcium-binding protein with a broad range of physiological roles. Its primary responsibility lies in transducing intracellular calcium signals into functional responses, serving as a molecular switch that modulates various cellular processes. Among its key functions, CaM V is intricately involved in neurotransmitter release, muscle contraction, and synaptic plasticity. The binding of calcium ions induces conformational changes in CaM V, enabling its interaction with downstream effectors, including enzymes and ion channels, to regulate their activity. This calcium-dependent activation positions CaM V as a central regulator, ensuring the orchestrated response of the cell to dynamic changes in intracellular calcium levels.
The activation of CaM V is a sophisticated process governed by diverse mechanisms orchestrated by various cellular components. Direct activators, such as calcium ionophores like A23187 and Ionomycin, elevate cytosolic calcium levels, inducing a conformational change in CaM V and enhancing its affinity for target proteins. Indirect activators, on the other hand, modulate upstream signaling pathways or ion channels to influence CaM V function. For instance, compounds like KN-62 inhibit CaM kinase II (CaMKII), releasing the negative feedback on CaM V and allowing sustained activation. Other chemicals, like 2-APB or Ruthenium Red, indirectly impact CaM V by blocking inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) or ryanodine receptors (RyRs), respectively, influencing intracellular calcium dynamics and, subsequently, CaM V activity. The intricate interplay of direct and indirect mechanisms showcases the versatility of CaM V in orchestrating cellular responses, positioning it as a central mediator in the intricate web of cellular signaling and calcium-dependent events within the cell.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(±)-Bay K 8644 | 71145-03-4 | sc-203324 sc-203324A sc-203324B | 1 mg 5 mg 50 mg | $84.00 $196.00 $817.00 | ||
Bay K 8644 indirectly upregulates CaM V by enhancing calcium influx through L-type calcium channels. Increased intracellular calcium levels activate CaM V, leading to the modulation of downstream targets involved in cellular processes such as neurotransmitter release and smooth muscle contraction. | ||||||
Nimodipine | 66085-59-4 | sc-201464 sc-201464A | 100 mg 1 g | $61.00 $307.00 | 2 | |
Nimodipine indirectly stimulates CaM V by selectively blocking L-type calcium channels. By preventing calcium influx, Nimodipine modulates CaM V activity, influencing the regulation of various cellular processes such as neurotransmission and smooth muscle contraction. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $55.00 $131.00 $203.00 $317.00 | 23 | |
A23187 directly activates CaM V by acting as a calcium ionophore, elevating cytosolic calcium levels. Increased calcium binding to CaM V induces a conformational change, promoting its interaction with downstream effectors and amplifying its role in diverse cellular signaling pathways. | ||||||
KN-62 | 127191-97-3 | sc-3560 | 1 mg | $136.00 | 20 | |
KN-62 indirectly enhances CaM V by inhibiting CaM kinase II (CaMKII). Inhibition of CaMKII prevents its negative feedback on CaM V, allowing sustained activation of CaM V and potentiation of its role in signaling cascades involved in neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin directly activates CaM V by inducing calcium influx across the cell membrane. Increased cytosolic calcium levels result in the activation of CaM V, facilitating its interaction with downstream targets and modulating various cellular processes, including neurotransmitter release. | ||||||
BAPTA/AM | 126150-97-8 | sc-202488 sc-202488A | 25 mg 100 mg | $138.00 $458.00 | 61 | |
BAPTA indirectly influences CaM V by chelating intracellular calcium. Reduction of intracellular calcium levels prevents CaM V activation, highlighting the pivotal role of calcium in modulating CaM V function and its involvement in processes like muscle contraction and synaptic transmission. | ||||||
2-APB | 524-95-8 | sc-201487 sc-201487A | 20 mg 100 mg | $28.00 $53.00 | 37 | |
2-APB indirectly upregulates CaM V by blocking inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs). Inhibition of IP3Rs prevents calcium release from intracellular stores, modulating CaM V activity and impacting cellular processes like smooth muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. | ||||||
Ruthenium red | 11103-72-3 | sc-202328 sc-202328A | 500 mg 1 g | $188.00 $250.00 | 13 | |
Ruthenium Red indirectly influences CaM V by blocking ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Inhibition of RyRs prevents calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum, modulating CaM V activity and influencing processes such as muscle contraction and synaptic transmission. | ||||||
Terfenadine | 50679-08-8 | sc-208421A sc-208421B sc-208421 | 500 mg 1 g 5 g | $44.00 $71.00 $120.00 | ||
Terfenadine indirectly stimulates CaM V by inhibiting histamine H1 receptors. Inhibition of H1 receptors reduces intracellular calcium levels, modulating CaM V activity and impacting processes such as smooth muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. | ||||||