β-defensin 46 Inhibitors
β-defensin 46 inhibitors are a class of molecules that specifically target β-defensin 46, a member of the defensin family of antimicrobial peptides involved in the innate immune response. Defensins are characterized by their small size, cationic nature, and the presence of disulfide bonds that confer stability and structural rigidity. β-defensin 46, like other defensins, is known for its ability to disrupt microbial membranes and neutralize a broad spectrum of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and some viruses. The primary mechanism by which β-defensin 46 functions is through the insertion into microbial membranes, causing pore formation and subsequent cell lysis. Inhibitors of β-defensin 46 are designed to block its antimicrobial activity by preventing its interaction with microbial cell membranes or by interfering with its ability to form oligomers, which are necessary for pore formation. These inhibitors can be small molecules, peptides, or even larger proteins that bind specifically to β-defensin 46 or its target receptor, thereby neutralizing its function.
The design and study of β-defensin 46 inhibitors involve a multidisciplinary approach, combining structural biology, molecular dynamics simulations, and bioinformatics to identify key interaction sites and binding affinities. Techniques such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are commonly used to determine the three-dimensional structure of β-defensin 46 and its complexes with inhibitors. Understanding the conformational dynamics and stability of β-defensin 46 when bound to inhibitors provides insights into the structural basis for its inhibition. Moreover, biochemical assays, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR), are utilized to assess the binding kinetics and specificity of inhibitors. Research into β-defensin 46 inhibitors not only elucidates the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of innate immunity but also contributes to a broader understanding of the functional diversity and evolutionary adaptation of defensins across different organisms. By characterizing the structural and functional aspects of β-defensin 46 and its inhibitors, scientists can gain a deeper appreciation for the molecular strategies utilized by innate immune systems to recognize and respond to microbial threats.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pertussis Toxin (islet-activating protein) | 70323-44-3 | sc-200837 | 50 µg | $451.00 | 3 | |
Direct inhibitor of Defb46 through interference with GPCR signaling. Pertussis Toxin ADP-ribosylates Gα subunits, inhibiting GPCR-mediated signaling. This directly impacts the chemotactic activity of Defb46, as it relies on GPCR activation for proper functioning, disrupting the cell migration and bacterium defense response orchestrated by Defb46. | ||||||
SB 225002 | 182498-32-4 | sc-202803 sc-202803A | 1 mg 5 mg | $36.00 $102.00 | 2 | |
Direct inhibitor of Defb46 through CCR6 chemokine receptor antagonism. SB225002 competitively binds to CCR6, preventing the interaction with Defb46 and inhibiting downstream signaling pathways involved in cell chemotaxis. This direct inhibition interferes with the chemoattractant activity of Defb46, impeding its role in cell migration and immune response to bacterial threats. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $123.00 $400.00 | 148 | |
Indirect inhibitor of Defb46 through PI3K/Akt pathway modulation. LY294002 inhibits PI3K, suppressing the downstream Akt pathway. This indirectly impacts Defb46, as the PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in cell chemotaxis. The inhibition of this pathway disrupts the chemoattractant activity of Defb46, influencing cell migration and compromising the defense response to bacterial challenges. | ||||||
Reparixin | 266359-83-5 | sc-507446 | 5 mg | $78.00 | ||
Direct inhibitor of Defb46 through CXCR1 and CXCR2 chemokine receptor antagonism. Reparixin competitively binds to CXCR1 and CXCR2, hindering the interaction with Defb46 and blocking downstream signaling pathways involved in cell chemotaxis. This direct inhibition interferes with the chemoattractant activity of Defb46, disrupting its role in cell migration and immune response to bacterial threats. | ||||||
BAPTA/AM | 126150-97-8 | sc-202488 sc-202488A | 25 mg 100 mg | $138.00 $458.00 | 61 | |
Indirect inhibitor of Defb46 through calcium signaling modulation. BAPTA-AM chelates intracellular calcium, impacting signaling pathways related to cell chemotaxis. This indirect inhibition disrupts the chemoattractant activity of Defb46, influencing cell migration and compromising the defense response to bacterial challenges. | ||||||
Pentoxifylline | 6493-05-6 | sc-203184 | 1 g | $20.00 | 3 | |
Direct inhibitor of Defb46 through interference with chemotaxis pathways. PTX-3 modulates chemotaxis by influencing cellular interactions and signaling. This direct inhibition impacts the chemoattractant activity of Defb46, disrupting its role in cell migration and immune response to bacterial threats. | ||||||
Wortmannin | 19545-26-7 | sc-3505 sc-3505A sc-3505B | 1 mg 5 mg 20 mg | $67.00 $223.00 $425.00 | 97 | |
Indirect inhibitor of Defb46 through PI3K pathway modulation. Wortmannin inhibits PI3K, suppressing downstream signaling pathways involved in cell chemotaxis. This indirect inhibition disrupts the chemoattractant activity of Defb46, influencing cell migration and compromising the defense response to bacterial challenges. | ||||||
2-APB | 524-95-8 | sc-201487 sc-201487A | 20 mg 100 mg | $28.00 $53.00 | 37 | |
Indirect inhibitor of Defb46 through modulation of calcium signaling. 2-APB blocks calcium release from intracellular stores, influencing signaling pathways related to cell chemotaxis. This indirect inhibition disrupts the chemoattractant activity of Defb46, influencing cell migration and compromising the defense response to bacterial challenges. | ||||||
SB 203580 | 152121-47-6 | sc-3533 sc-3533A | 1 mg 5 mg | $90.00 $349.00 | 284 | |
Indirect inhibitor of Defb46 through p38 MAPK pathway modulation. SB203580 inhibits p38 MAPK, impacting downstream signaling pathways involved in cell chemotaxis. This indirect inhibition disrupts the chemoattractant activity of Defb46, influencing cell migration and compromising the defense response to bacterial challenges. | ||||||