α-Syntrophin Activators
α-Syntrophin, a member of the dystrophin-associated protein complex, plays a crucial role in organizing and stabilizing protein assemblies at the sarcolemma, thereby maintaining structural integrity and facilitating signaling processes in muscle cells. As a scaffolding protein, α-Syntrophin serves as a molecular anchor for various signaling molecules, ion channels, and cytoskeletal components, orchestrating their spatial organization and functional integration at the muscle membrane. Through its interactions with dystrophin and other associated proteins, α-Syntrophin contributes to the structural stability and mechanical integrity of muscle fibers, ensuring proper contractile function and cellular homeostasis.
Activation of α-Syntrophin involves diverse signaling pathways and cellular mechanisms that converge to enhance its functional activity in organizing and stabilizing dystrophin-associated protein complexes. Various chemical activators, such as forskolin, IGF-1, and PMA, stimulate key signaling cascades, leading to phosphorylation and recruitment of α-Syntrophin to the sarcolemma, where it interacts with dystrophin and other components of the dystrophin-associated protein complex. Additionally, neurotransmitters like glutamate and acetylcholine, as well as signaling molecules like nitric oxide, modulate calcium flux and downstream effectors, promoting the assembly and stability of protein complexes mediated by α-Syntrophin. These activation mechanisms highlight the multifaceted role of α-Syntrophin in coordinating cellular signaling and maintaining muscle function.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates α-Syntrophin by stimulating adenylate cyclase, leading to increased levels of intracellular cAMP. Elevated cAMP levels activate protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates α-Syntrophin, enhancing its interaction with signaling partners and promoting its functional activity. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates α-Syntrophin by stimulating protein kinase C (PKC), which phosphorylates α-Syntrophin and enhances its interaction with dystrophin and associated signaling proteins. This activation promotes the stabilization of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex at the sarcolemma, thereby enhancing α-Syntrophin function. | ||||||
N-Methyl-D-Aspartic acid (NMDA) | 6384-92-5 | sc-200458 sc-200458A | 50 mg 250 mg | $109.00 $369.00 | 2 | |
NMDA activates α-Syntrophin by stimulating NMDA receptors, leading to calcium influx and activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Activated CaMKII phosphorylates α-Syntrophin, facilitating its interaction with dystrophin and promoting its functional activity at the sarcolemma. | ||||||
Angiotensin II, Human | 4474-91-3 | sc-363643 sc-363643A sc-363643B sc-363643C | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $51.00 $100.00 $310.00 $690.00 | 3 | |
Angiotensin II activates α-Syntrophin by binding to its receptor, leading to activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Activated ERK phosphorylates α-Syntrophin, enhancing its association with dystrophin and promoting its functional activity in stabilizing the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex at the sarcolemma. | ||||||
ATP | 56-65-5 | sc-507511 | 5 g | $17.00 | ||
ATP activates α-Syntrophin indirectly by serving as an energy source for cellular processes involved in maintaining sarcolemmal integrity. Elevated ATP levels support the function of α-Syntrophin in organizing and stabilizing dystrophin-associated protein complexes at the muscle membrane, thereby enhancing its functional activity. | ||||||
Insulin | 11061-68-0 | sc-29062 sc-29062A sc-29062B | 100 mg 1 g 10 g | $156.00 $1248.00 $12508.00 | 82 | |
Insulin activates α-Syntrophin by binding to its receptor, leading to activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Activated Akt phosphorylates α-Syntrophin, promoting its interaction with dystrophin and enhancing its functional activity in organizing and stabilizing dystrophin-associated protein complexes at the sarcolemma. | ||||||
L-Glutamic Acid | 56-86-0 | sc-394004 sc-394004A | 10 g 100 g | $297.00 $577.00 | ||
Glutamate activates α-Syntrophin by binding to ionotropic glutamate receptors, leading to calcium influx and activation of downstream signaling pathways. Calcium-mediated activation of α-Syntrophin enhances its association with dystrophin and promotes its functional activity in stabilizing dystrophin-associated protein complexes. | ||||||
Bradykinin | 58-82-2 | sc-507311 | 5 mg | $110.00 | ||
Bradykinin activates α-Syntrophin by binding to its receptor, leading to activation of the PKC signaling pathway. Activated PKC phosphorylates α-Syntrophin, enhancing its interaction with dystrophin and promoting its functional activity in organizing and stabilizing dystrophin-associated protein complexes at the sarcolemma. | ||||||