The phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) phosphates represent a small percentage of total membrane phospholipids, but they play a crucial role in the generation and transmission of cellular signals.PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3 can serve as an anchor for the binding of signal transduction proteins bearing pleckstrin homology (PH) domains. Centuarin α and Akts are examples of PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-binding proteins. Protein-binding to PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3 is important for cytoskeletal rearrangements and membrane trafficking. PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3 is resistant to cleavage by PI-specific PLC. Therefore, it is likely to function in signal transduction as a modulator in its own right, rather than as a source of inositol tetraphosphates.
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