Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an endogenous glycerophospholipid signaling molecule and ligand activator for EDG-2 and EDG-4 (LPA) receptors. Signaling associated with LPA has been reported to stimulate growth of fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes. LPA has been indicated as both a proliferative and anti-apoptotic factor, signaling for Pl3K-mediated regulation of cell activity. LPA has also been described to potentiate acetylchloine receptor currents by G-protein-mediated activation of Ca2+-dependent/independent protein kinase C.
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