Date published: 2026-5-4

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Galacto-N-biose (CAS 20972-29-6)

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Alternate Names:
β-D-Gal-(1→3)-D-GalNAc, 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-galactopyranose, T Antigen
Application:
Galacto-N-biose is a component of the galacto-N-biose/lacto-N-biose metabolic pathway
CAS Number:
20972-29-6
Molecular Weight:
383.35
Molecular Formula:
C14H25NO11
For Research Use Only. Not Intended for Diagnostic or Therapeutic Use.
* Refer to Certificate of Analysis for lot specific data.

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Galacto-N-biose represents a disaccharide composed of two monosaccharides: beta-D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. The scientific applications of Galacto-N-biose are diverse and manifold. It serves as useful for investigating the structure and functionality of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans. It facilitates the exploration of carbohydrates′ contributions to cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, as well as immune responses. Some employ it to study the mechanisms of enzymes engaged in glycosylation reactions. The mechanism of action of Galacto-N-biose relies on its distinct structure. The glycosidic bond connecting the two monosaccharides, beta-D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, is integral to its function. This bond is established when the hydroxyl group of the galactose molecule attaches to the nitrogen atom of the galactosamine molecule. The stability of this bond is further reinforced by hydrogen bonding between the two molecules.


Galacto-N-biose (CAS 20972-29-6) References

  1. Identification of N-acetylhexosamine 1-kinase in the complete lacto-N-biose I/galacto-N-biose metabolic pathway in Bifidobacterium longum.  |  Nishimoto, M. and Kitaoka, M. 2007. Appl Environ Microbiol. 73: 6444-9. PMID: 17720833
  2. Structural and thermodynamic analyses of solute-binding Protein from Bifidobacterium longum specific for core 1 disaccharide and lacto-N-biose I.  |  Suzuki, R., et al. 2008. J Biol Chem. 283: 13165-73. PMID: 18332142
  3. Identification of lacto-N-Biose I phosphorylase from Vibrio vulnificus CMCP6.  |  Nakajima, M. and Kitaoka, M. 2008. Appl Environ Microbiol. 74: 6333-7. PMID: 18723650
  4. One-pot enzymatic production of beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose (galacto-N-biose) from sucrose and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose (N-acetylgalactosamine).  |  Nishimoto, M. and Kitaoka, M. 2009. Carbohydr Res. 344: 2573-6. PMID: 19850285
  5. Bifidobacterial enzymes involved in the metabolism of human milk oligosaccharides.  |  Kitaoka, M. 2012. Adv Nutr. 3: 422S-9S. PMID: 22585921
  6. A unique gene cluster for the utilization of the mucosal and human milk-associated glycans galacto-N-biose and lacto-N-biose in Lactobacillus casei.  |  Bidart, GN., et al. 2014. Mol Microbiol. 93: 521-38. PMID: 24942885
  7. Novel substrate specificities of two lacto-N-biosidases towards β-linked galacto-N-biose-containing oligosaccharides of globo H, Gb5, and GA1.  |  Gotoh, A., et al. 2015. Carbohydr Res. 408: 18-24. PMID: 25839135
  8. Human milk and mucosal lacto- and galacto-N-biose synthesis by transgalactosylation and their prebiotic potential in Lactobacillus species.  |  Bidart, GN., et al. 2017. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 101: 205-215. PMID: 27714445
  9. Galacto-N-biose is neuroprotective against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in vitro.  |  Shinoda, Y., et al. 2016. Eur J Pharmacol. 791: 711-717. PMID: 27729249
  10. Large scale production of lacto-N-biose I, a building block of type I human milk oligosaccharides, using sugar phosphorylases.  |  Nishimoto, M. 2020. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 84: 17-24. PMID: 31566084
  11. Human milk and mucosa-associated disaccharides impact on cultured infant fecal microbiota.  |  Rubio-Del-Campo, A., et al. 2020. Sci Rep. 10: 11845. PMID: 32678209
  12. Molecular Insights Into O-Linked Glycan Utilization by Gut Microbes.  |  González-Morelo, KJ., et al. 2020. Front Microbiol. 11: 591568. PMID: 33224127
  13. Infant gut microbiota modulation by human milk disaccharides in humanized microbiome mice.  |  Rubio-Del-Campo, A., et al. 2021. Gut Microbes. 13: 1-20. PMID: 33938391

Ordering Information

Product NameCatalog #UNITPriceQtyFAVORITES

Galacto-N-biose, 1 mg

sc-257553
1 mg
$182.00

Galacto-N-biose, 2 mg

sc-257553A
2 mg
$338.00

Galacto-N-biose, 5 mg

sc-257553B
5 mg
$1030.00

Galacto-N-biose, 10 mg

sc-257553C
10 mg
$1238.00

Galacto-N-biose, 25 mg

sc-257553D
25 mg
$2606.00