ERIS Activators

ERIS activators represent a class of chemical compounds that possess the capacity to indirectly modulate the activity of ERIS, also known as CISD2 (CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2). ERIS is intimately involved in mitochondrial iron homeostasis and the cellular response to oxidative stress, contributing to the overall maintenance of cellular health.

One category of ERIS activators includes iron chelators such as Deferoxamine, which can indirectly activate ERIS by reducing intracellular iron levels and mitigating iron-induced oxidative stress. This allows ERIS to function more effectively in maintaining iron homeostasis within the mitochondria. Mitochondrial uncouplers like Carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone can indirectly activate ERIS by perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential and function, potentially affecting ERIS-mediated responses to oxidative stress. Antioxidants like N-Acetyl-L-cysteine indirectly activate ERIS by reducing oxidative stress levels, enhancing its ability to manage and respond to oxidative stress within the cell. These ERIS activators, along with others such as heme oxygenase inducers, ferroptosis inhibitors, NRF2 activators, calcium ionophores, PKC activators, mitochondrial biogenesis enhancers, glutathione precursors, and manganese supplements, collectively highlight the versatility of this chemical class in influencing ERIS. They achieve this through their capacity to affect various facets of mitochondrial biology, iron regulation, and cellular oxidative stress responses, ultimately contributing to ERIS's role in maintaining cellular health and mitochondrial integrity.