p-Smad2/3 Anticuerpo(Ser 423/425): sc-11769

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Smad proteins, the mammalian homologs of the Drosophila Mothers against dpp (Mad), mediate intracellular signaling of the TGF? superfamily. TGF∫ type I receptor mediates phosphorylation of Smad2 (also designated Madr2 or JV18-1) at the C-terminal Ser 465 and Ser 467 residues, and phosphoryla-tion of Smad3 at the C-terminal Ser 423 and Ser 425 residues in an obligate order. Upon phosphorylation and activation by the active TGF∫ receptor complex, Smad2 and Smad3 homo-oligomerize or hetero-oligomerize with Smad4, and translocate into the nucleus. There they interact with various cellular partners, bind DNA, regulate transcription and cross-talk with other signaling pathways. Activin A also induces these cellular responses by phosphorylating Smad2, but it is a less potent activator than TGF?. TGF?-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 promotes its interaction with coactivators CBP and p300 and is essential for the TGF?-mediated inhibition of cellular proliferation.