P2Y13 Background Information
Nucleotides are important extracellular signaling molecules that mediate several events, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, chemotaxis and cytokine release. The P2 receptor family is activated by the binding of nucleotides and is divided into two subfamilies, designated P2X and P2Y. The P2Y receptor family are G protein-coupled receptors which mediate the effects of extracellular nucleotides, primarily through the activation of phospholipase C (PLC). To some extent, the P2Y receptors can also activate potassium channels or, alternatively, inhibit adenylate cyclase and N-type calcium channels in response to extracellular nucleotides. P2Y13 (purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 13), also known as GPCR1, GPR86 or GPR94, is a 354 amino acid multi-pass membrane protein that belongs to the P2Y receptor family and exists as two alternatively spliced isoforms. Expressed at high levels in spleen and adult brain tissue, P2Y13 functions as a receptor for ADP and is thought to play a role in immune system activity, as well as in hematopoiesis.
