IFN-α1/2/13 Background Information
The genes encoding type I interferons (IFNs), which include 14 IFN-å genes (such as IFN-å1, IFN-å2 and IFN-å13), 1 IFN-∫ gene, 1 IFN-w (also known as IFN-å II1) gene and a number of IFN-w pseudogenes, are clustered on human chromosome 9. IFN-å and -∫ are cytokines that are widely known to induce potent antiviral activity. They exert a variety of other biological effects, including antitumor and immunomodulatory activities and are increasingly used clinically to treat a range of malignancies, myelodysplasias and autoimmune diseases. IFN-w is antigenically different from human IFN-å, IFN-∫ or IFN-©, but is a component of natural mixtures of IFN species produced by virus-induced leukocytes or Burkitt's lymphoma cells. The type I interferon receptor (IFN-åR) interacts with IFN-å, IFN-∫ and IFN-w, and seems to be a multisubunit receptor.
