AF9 Background Information
The MLL (ALL-1, HRX) gene influences myelomonocytic differentiation, and different chromosomal translocations can result in a range of MLL fusion proteins that mediate leukemia. Frequent translocation partners of MLL include ELL, ENL, AF4, AF6 and AF9. ELL (elongation factor RNA polymerase II, Men) encodes an RNA polymerase II elongation factor that is implicated in t(11;19)(q23;p13.1) translocation in myeloid leukemias. AF9 (MLLT3, YEATS3) fusion with the MLL gene results in a t[(9;11)(p22;q23)] translocation, which is associated with de novo acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). ENL (MLLT1, LTG19, YEATS1, eleven-nineteen leukemia protein) is capable of activating transcription from synthetic reporter genes in both lymphoid and myeloid cells. The t[(11;19) (q23;p13)] translocation results in the MLL-ENL fusion protein, which is commonly found in infant acute leukemias of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineage.
