Sodium thiocyanate (CAS 540-72-7)

Sodium thiocyanate is one of the main sources of the thiocyanate anion. It is commonly employed in the laboratory as a test for the presence of Fe³⁺ ions. Sodium thiocyanate is employed to convert alkyl halides into the corresponding alkylthiocyanates. Similar reagents include ammonium thiocyananate and potassium thiocyanate, which has twice the solubility in water. Silver thiocyanate may be used as well; the precipitation of insoluble silver halides helps simplify workup. Treatment of isopropyl bromide with sodium thiocyanate in a hot ethanolic solution yields isopropyl thiocyanate. Protonation of sodium thiocyanate affords isothiocyanic acid, S=C=NH (pKa = -1.28). This species is generated in situ from sodium thiocyanate; it adds to organic amines to afford derivatives of thiourea.

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