p19 (E-11) Antibody: sc-1665

p19 Background Information
The normal progression of cells through the cell cycle is under the control of the cyclin dependent protein kinases Cdk4 and Cdk6, which are subject to inhibition by the mitotic inhibitory protein, p16. Isolated members of the p16 family have been designated p15, p18 and p19. p15 expression is upregulated approximately 30-fold in TGF ß-treated human keratinocytes, suggesting that p15 may function as an effector of TGF ß-mediated cell cycle arrest through inhibition of Cdk4 and Cdk6 kinases. The gene encoding p15 has been mapped to chromosome 9p21.3 at a position adjacent to the p16 gene, at a site of frequent chromosomal abnormality in human tumors. Two p16- related proteins, p19 and p18, specifically inhibit the kinase activities of Cdk4 and Cdk6 but do not affect those of cyclin E-Cdk2, cyclin A-Cdk2 or cyclin B-Cdc2 complexes. p19 is expressed at maximal level during S phase, while overexpression of p19 leads to G1 arrest.